O'Malley S S, Jaffe A J, Rode S, Rounsaville B J
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Am J Psychiatry. 1996 Feb;153(2):281-3. doi: 10.1176/ajp.153.2.281.
This study tested the hypothesis that naltrexone reduces relapse rates among alcoholics by modifying the reinforcing effects of initial alcohol consumption and alcohol-induced craving.
Sixteen alcoholic patients treated with naltrexone and 27 treated with placebo who participated in a 12-week clinical trial reported retrospectively on their subjective responses to their first episode of a lapse into alcohol consumption and on their reasons for terminating the drinking episode.
Compared to the subjects who received placebo, the subjects who received naltrexone reported lower levels of craving for alcohol and were more likely to give reasons for terminating drinking that were consistent with decreased incentive to drink.
These findings support the hypothesis that a central effect of naltrexone is the modification of alcohol-induced craving.
本研究检验了如下假设，即纳曲酮通过改变初次饮酒的强化作用及酒精诱发的渴望来降低酗酒者的复发率。
16名接受纳曲酮治疗的酗酒患者和27名接受安慰剂治疗的患者参与了一项为期12周的临床试验，他们回顾性地报告了自己对首次饮酒复发的主观反应以及终止饮酒行为的原因。
与接受安慰剂的受试者相比，接受纳曲酮的受试者报告的对酒精的渴望程度较低，并且更有可能给出与饮酒动机降低相符的终止饮酒的原因。
这些发现支持了如下假设，即纳曲酮的一个核心作用是改变酒精诱发的渴望。
