Chapelot D, Pasquet P, Apfelbaum M, Fricker J
INSERM U 286, Nutrition Humaine, Faculté Xavier Bichat, Paris.
Appetite. 1995 Oct;25(2):155-75. doi: 10.1006/appe.1995.0052.
This study examined the dietary intake and rated internal state of 16 normal-weight young women following the manipulation of the actual or the presented fat and energy content of a test dish eaten at lunch. Half of the subjects were classified as restrained and half as unrestrained eaters. The test dish was either 2473 kJ (591 kcal) in its high-fat version or 1485 kJ (355 kcal) in its low-fat version, and was provided either with a correct or incorrect information about its fat content. All the intakes at the three meals during the following 8 h were covertly recorded in the laboratory, and internal state rated on four occasions. After the low-fat test dish presented as low-fat, unrestrained eaters increased their energy intake compared to that in other conditions. Restrained subjects did not exhibit this pattern and compensated for the missing energy in the low-fat test dish, compared to the high-fat test dish, only when they were informed that both dishes were high in fat. Irrespective of the information, both restrained and unrestrained subjects reported weaker sensations of hunger after the actual high-fat test dish than after the actual low-fat test dish whereas only restrained eaters reported stronger sensations of fullness. Thus, the influence of the cognitive factors on food intake and ratings of internal state is modulated by restrained eating behaviour.
本研究调查了16名体重正常的年轻女性在午餐时食用的测试菜肴实际脂肪和能量含量或呈现的脂肪和能量含量被操控后的饮食摄入量及内部状态评分。一半受试者被归类为节制饮食者，另一半为非节制饮食者。测试菜肴的高脂肪版本能量为2473千焦（591千卡），低脂肪版本为1485千焦（355千卡），且提供的脂肪含量信息有正确和错误之分。接下来8小时内三餐的所有摄入量在实验室中被秘密记录，内部状态分四次进行评分。在低脂肪测试菜肴被呈现为低脂肪时，非节制饮食者相比其他情况增加了能量摄入。节制饮食的受试者未表现出这种模式，并且只有当他们被告知两种菜肴脂肪含量都很高时，才会补偿低脂肪测试菜肴中缺失的能量，与高脂肪测试菜肴相比。无论信息如何，节制饮食者和非节制饮食者在实际食用高脂肪测试菜肴后报告的饥饿感都比实际食用低脂肪测试菜肴后弱，而只有节制饮食者报告饱腹感更强。因此，认知因素对食物摄入量和内部状态评分的影响受节制饮食行为的调节。
