Moss H B, Vanyukov M M, Martin C S
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 1995 Oct 15;38(8):547-55. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(94)00382-D.
Investigations of adults with a psychoactive substance use disorder (PSUD) or antisocial behavior have reported diminished secretion of the adrenal "stress" hormone, cortisol. Consequently, we determined whether prepubertal sons of PSUD fathers, at high risk for later PSUD, differed from controls on salivary cortisol concentrations before, and after, an anticipated stressor. The roles of problematic behavioral disposition and state anxiety in the cortisol responses were also examined. A significant risk-group x time interaction for salivary cortisol concentrations was found, with high-risk boys secreting less salivary cortisol than controls when anticipating the task. High-risk boys also had significantly higher scores for aggressive delinquency and impulsivity that wholly accounted for the risk-group x time effect on salivary cortisol. Thus, cortisol hyporesponsivity was associated with the dysregulated behaviors prevalent among high-risk boys. The results suggest that cortisol hyporesponsivity could be a "marker" for later antisociality and PSUD.
对患有精神活性物质使用障碍（PSUD）或反社会行为的成年人的调查显示，肾上腺“应激”激素皮质醇的分泌减少。因此，我们确定，PSUD父亲的青春期前儿子（后期患PSUD的风险很高）在预期应激源前后的唾液皮质醇浓度是否与对照组存在差异。我们还研究了问题行为倾向和状态焦虑在皮质醇反应中的作用。研究发现唾液皮质醇浓度存在显著的风险组×时间交互作用，在预期任务时，高风险男孩分泌的唾液皮质醇比对照组少。高风险男孩在攻击性犯罪和冲动性方面的得分也显著更高，这完全解释了风险组×时间对唾液皮质醇的影响。因此，皮质醇低反应性与高风险男孩中普遍存在的行为失调有关。结果表明，皮质醇低反应性可能是后期反社会行为和PSUD的一个“标志”。
