Liu P Y, Lau Y J, Hu B S, Shyr J M, Shi Z Y, Tsai W S, Lin Y H, Tseng C Y
Section of Infectious Diseases, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, ROC.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1995 Jul;22(3):285-91. doi: 10.1016/0732-8893(95)00096-s.
The in vitro activities of extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics (including piperacillin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefepime, imipenem, and meropenems) were assessed and compared with the activity of ciprofloxacin against 366 clinical Gram-negative bacilli isolates from the intensive care units of Taichung Veterans General Hospital. The most prevalent species isolated were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. The activities of ceftazidime, cefepime, imipenem, and meropenem against these isolates were comparable to that of ciprofloxacin. Meropenem was found to be the most potent extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic tested and the MIC50s and MIC90s for most of these multiresistant strains were lower than those of imipenem, ceftazidime, and cefepime, except for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics that were still active against S. maltophilia were piperacillin and ceftazidime. More than 50% of Enterobacter spp. were resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and piperacillin, but they remained susceptible to carbapenems and cefepime.
对广谱β-内酰胺类抗生素（包括哌拉西林、头孢噻肟、头孢曲松、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、亚胺培南和美罗培南）的体外活性进行了评估，并与环丙沙星对台中荣民总医院重症监护病房分离出的366株临床革兰氏阴性杆菌的活性进行了比较。分离出的最常见菌种是铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌。头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、亚胺培南和美罗培南对这些分离株的活性与环丙沙星相当。美罗培南被发现是所测试的最有效的广谱β-内酰胺类抗生素，除嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌外，大多数多重耐药菌株的MIC50和MIC90均低于亚胺培南、头孢他啶和头孢吡肟。对嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌仍有活性的广谱β-内酰胺类抗生素是哌拉西林和头孢他啶。超过50%的肠杆菌属对第三代头孢菌素和哌拉西林耐药，但它们对碳青霉烯类和头孢吡肟仍敏感。
