Daly P A
Department of Medicine, Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
Compr Ther. 1995 Oct;21(10):565-74.
Osteoporosis is greatly increasing in prevalence as the population ages. Postmenopausal women are at particularly high risk. I have reviewed the risk factors for osteoporosis, the office evaluation, laboratory and radiologic testing, and available treatment of osteoporosis. Adequate calcium and vitamin D intake is important in prevention and treatment. Estrogen replacement is the treatment of choice for the menopausal women who has or is at risk for osteoporosis, but several alternatives are available. These drugs prevent bone loss but cannot restore lost bone to any significant degree. Until effective means of restoring normal bone are discovered, increasing peak bone mass in adolescents and young women with the hope of preventing osteoporosis may be the most important intervention.
随着人口老龄化，骨质疏松症的患病率正在大幅上升。绝经后女性尤其高危。我已回顾了骨质疏松症的危险因素、门诊评估、实验室及影像学检查，以及现有的骨质疏松症治疗方法。充足的钙和维生素D摄入在预防和治疗中很重要。雌激素替代疗法是患有骨质疏松症或有骨质疏松症风险的绝经后女性的首选治疗方法，但也有其他几种选择。这些药物可预防骨质流失，但无法在很大程度上恢复已流失的骨质。在发现恢复正常骨质的有效方法之前，增加青少年和年轻女性的峰值骨量以预防骨质疏松症可能是最重要的干预措施。
