Capelli C, di Prampero P E
Dipartimento di Scienze e Technologie Biomediche, School of Medicine, Udine, Italy.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1995;71(5):469-71. doi: 10.1007/BF00635883.
The present world record for 1 h unaccompanied cycling (55.291 km) was set by T. Rominger in November 1994 at sea level (Bordeaux, France). However, maximal aerobic cycling performances can be expected to increase at altitude because, for a given air temperature, air density decreases more than VO2max. The combined effect of these opposite trends results in an improvement of performances. In this study, based on the aerodynamics of track cycling, and assuming an average decrease of VO2max with altitude as from the literature, we show that the ideal altitude for Rominger is 4000 m where he could cover 60.1 km in 1 h. To our knowledge, only two cyclists attempted at close time intervals to set the 1 h record at sea level and at altitude (Mexico, 2230 m above sea level): F. Moser and J. Longo. Their increase of performance with altitude was only about 50% of that predicted on the basis of similar calculations as performed on Rominger. This suggests that the decrease of VO2max resulting from altitude is greater for athletes than for average trained subjects and/or that the fraction of VO2max that can be maintained throughout 1 h decreases with altitude.
目前1小时无陪伴骑行的世界纪录（55.291公里）是由T. 罗明格于1994年11月在海平面（法国波尔多）创造的。然而，预计在海拔高度下最大有氧骑行表现会提高，因为在给定气温下，空气密度的下降幅度超过最大摄氧量（VO2max）。这两种相反趋势的综合作用导致表现得到改善。在本研究中，基于场地自行车运动的空气动力学，并假设根据文献中最大摄氧量随海拔高度的平均下降情况，我们表明罗明格的理想海拔高度为4000米，在那里他可以在1小时内骑行60.1公里。据我们所知，只有两位自行车运动员在相近的时间间隔内尝试在海平面和海拔高度（墨西哥，海拔2230米）创造1小时纪录：F. 莫泽和J. 隆戈。他们在海拔高度下表现的提高仅约为基于对罗明格进行的类似计算所预测值的50%。这表明海拔高度导致的最大摄氧量下降对运动员来说比对普通训练者更大，和/或在1小时内能够维持的最大摄氧量比例会随着海拔高度下降。
