Neu I, Schrader A
Fortschr Med. 1977 Apr 14;95(14):904-8.
The clinical syndrome of "stroke" at first calls for a differentiation between the prognostic more unfavorable massive hemorrhage and the syndromes of cerebral hypoxia or ischemia. The ratio of hemorrhage to ischemia is about 1 to 5. Conclusions may already be drawn on the nature of the apoplectic insult from the clinical symptomatology. For example, the hemorrhagic insult in general begins with severe manifestations of neurological dysfunction such as hemiplegia and coma, while the symptoms of the ischemic insult frequently do not develop all of a sudden but in the course of hours, rarely from 1-2 days. Digitalisation in combination with dextran infusions is the method of choice in treating intermittent ischemias, particularly those provoked by hypertension. Rehabilitation, i.e. passive and active physical exercise, should be started as early as possible. In addition, particular importance must be attributed to prevention and especially to the early recognition of hypertension and of cardiac diseases as a socio-medical problem.
“中风”的临床综合征首先需要区分预后较差的大量出血以及脑缺氧或缺血综合征。出血与缺血的比例约为1比5。从临床症状学上即可对中风损伤的性质得出结论。例如，出血性损伤通常始于严重的神经功能障碍表现，如偏瘫和昏迷，而缺血性损伤的症状通常并非突然出现，而是在数小时内逐渐发展，很少在1至2天内出现。洋地黄化联合右旋糖酐输注是治疗间歇性缺血，尤其是由高血压引发的间歇性缺血的首选方法。康复治疗，即被动和主动体育锻炼，应尽早开始。此外，必须特别重视预防，尤其是要尽早将高血压和心脏病作为社会医学问题加以识别。
