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A new chloroplast protein import intermediate reveals distinct translocation machineries in the two envelope membranes: energetics and mechanistic implications.一种新的叶绿体蛋白输入中间体揭示了两层包膜膜中不同的转运机制：能量学和机制学意义。
J Cell Biol. 1996 Jan;132(1-2):63-75. doi: 10.1083/jcb.132.1.63.
2
Identification of intermediates in the pathway of protein import into chloroplasts and their localization to envelope contact sites.蛋白质导入叶绿体途径中中间体的鉴定及其在包膜接触位点的定位。
J Cell Biol. 1993 Jan;120(1):103-15. doi: 10.1083/jcb.120.1.103.
3
Specific lipids influence the import capacity of the chloroplast outer envelope precursor protein translocon.特定脂质会影响叶绿体外被膜前体蛋白转运体的导入能力。
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Tic20 and Tic22 are new components of the protein import apparatus at the chloroplast inner envelope membrane.Tic20和Tic22是叶绿体内膜蛋白转运装置的新组分。
J Cell Biol. 1998 Nov 16;143(4):991-1002. doi: 10.1083/jcb.143.4.991.
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Chloroplast precursor proteins compete to form early import intermediates in isolated pea chloroplasts.叶绿体前体蛋白在离体豌豆叶绿体中竞争形成早期输入中间体。
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6
TIC236 links the outer and inner membrane translocons of the chloroplast.TIC236 连接叶绿体的外膜和内膜转位酶。
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Multiple pathways for protein transport into or across the thylakoid membrane.蛋白质转运进入类囊体膜或穿过类囊体膜的多种途径。
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Energetic cost of protein import across the envelope membranes of chloroplasts.叶绿体被膜上蛋白质输入的能量成本。
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Two components of the chloroplast protein import apparatus, IAP86 and IAP75, interact with the transit sequence during the recognition and translocation of precursor proteins at the outer envelope.叶绿体蛋白质输入装置的两个组分，IAP86和IAP75，在被膜外表面前体蛋白的识别和转运过程中与转运肽相互作用。
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Identification of chloroplast envelope proteins in close physical proximity to a partially translocated chimeric precursor protein.鉴定与部分转运的嵌合前体蛋白在物理上紧密相邻的叶绿体包膜蛋白。
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A Ycf2-FtsHi Heteromeric AAA-ATPase Complex Is Required for Chloroplast Protein Import.Ycf2-FtsH 异源三聚体 AAA-ATP 酶复合物是叶绿体蛋白输入所必需的。
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Evaluating the Functional Pore Size of Chloroplast TOC and TIC Protein Translocons: Import of Folded Proteins.评估叶绿体 TOC 和 TIC 蛋白转运体的功能孔大小：折叠蛋白的导入。
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Effects of TROL Presequence Mutagenesis on Its Import and Dual Localization in Chloroplasts.TROL 前导序列诱变对其在叶绿体中的导入和双重定位的影响。
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ATP requirement for chloroplast protein import is set by the Km for ATP hydrolysis of stromal Hsp70 in Physcomitrella patens.地钱中叶绿体蛋白导入所需的ATP由基质Hsp70水解ATP的米氏常数决定。
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Energetic cost of protein import across the envelope membranes of chloroplasts.叶绿体被膜上蛋白质输入的能量成本。
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Tic22 is an essential chaperone required for protein import into the apicoplast.Tic22 是质体蛋白输入所必需的伴侣蛋白。
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Essential role of VIPP1 in chloroplast envelope maintenance in Arabidopsis.VIPP1 在拟南芥叶绿体被膜维持中的必需作用。
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Mechanism of Protein Transport across the Chloroplast Envelope.蛋白质跨叶绿体包膜运输的机制
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10
Maize non-photosynthetic ferredoxin precursor is mis-sorted to the intermembrane space of chloroplasts in the presence of light.在有光的情况下，玉米非光合铁氧还蛋白前体被错误分选到叶绿体的膜间隙中。
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本文引用的文献

1
Sequence of the cDNA encoding the 17-kilodalton protein of the photosynthetic oxygen-evolving complex of pea.豌豆光合放氧复合体17千道尔顿蛋白的编码cDNA序列。
Plant Physiol. 1992 Jun;99(2):791-3. doi: 10.1104/pp.99.2.791.
2
Thermolysin is a suitable protease for probing the surface of intact pea chloroplasts.嗜热菌蛋白酶是一种用于探测完整豌豆叶绿体表面的合适蛋白酶。
Plant Physiol. 1984 Jul;75(3):675-8. doi: 10.1104/pp.75.3.675.
3
Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone encoding the major hsp70 of the pea chloroplastic stroma.编码豌豆叶绿体基质主要热休克蛋白70（hsp70）的cDNA克隆的分离与鉴定。
Plant Physiol. 1992 Oct;100(2):1048-54. doi: 10.1104/pp.100.2.1048.
4
Protein translocation across chloroplast envelope membranes.蛋白质跨叶绿体包膜膜的转运
Trends Cell Biol. 1995 Jun;5(6):243-7. doi: 10.1016/s0962-8924(00)89018-2.
5
Protein import into mitochondria: two systems acting in tandem?蛋白质导入线粒体：两个系统协同作用？
Trends Cell Biol. 1991 Oct;1(4):99-103. doi: 10.1016/0962-8924(91)90037-a.
6
Protein import into chloroplasts.蛋白质导入叶绿体。
Trends Cell Biol. 1993 Jun;3(6):186-90. doi: 10.1016/0962-8924(93)90212-j.
7
Apparent Inhibition of Chloroplast Protein Import by Cold Temperatures Is Due to Energetic Considerations Not Membrane Fluidity.低温对叶绿体蛋白质输入的明显抑制是由于能量因素而非膜流动性。
Plant Cell. 1994 Mar;6(3):427-437. doi: 10.1105/tpc.6.3.427.
8
Functional independence of the protein translocation machineries in mitochondrial outer and inner membranes: passage of preproteins through the intermembrane space.线粒体外膜和内膜中蛋白质转运机制的功能独立性：前体蛋白穿过膜间隙的过程。
EMBO J. 1993 May;12(5):2211-8. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1993.tb05869.x.
9
Identification of intermediates in the pathway of protein import into chloroplasts and their localization to envelope contact sites.蛋白质导入叶绿体途径中中间体的鉴定及其在包膜接触位点的定位。
J Cell Biol. 1993 Jan;120(1):103-15. doi: 10.1083/jcb.120.1.103.
10
A dual role for mitochondrial heat shock protein 70 in membrane translocation of preproteins.线粒体热休克蛋白70在前体蛋白膜易位中的双重作用。
J Cell Biol. 1993 Oct;123(1):109-17. doi: 10.1083/jcb.123.1.109.

一种新的叶绿体蛋白输入中间体揭示了两层包膜膜中不同的转运机制：能量学和机制学意义。

A new chloroplast protein import intermediate reveals distinct translocation machineries in the two envelope membranes: energetics and mechanistic implications.

作者信息

Scott S V, Theg S M

机构信息

Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.

出版信息

J Cell Biol. 1996 Jan;132(1-2):63-75. doi: 10.1083/jcb.132.1.63.

DOI:10.1083/jcb.132.1.63
PMID:8567731
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2120703/
Abstract

Chloroplast protein import presents a complex membrane traversal problem: precursor proteins must cross two envelope membranes to reach the stromal compartment. This work characterizes a new chloroplast protein import intermediate which has completely traversed the outer envelope membrane but has not yet reached the stroma. The existence of this intermediate demonstrates that distinct protein transport machineries are present in both envelope membranes, and that they are able to operate independently of one another under certain conditions. Energetic characterization of this pathway led to the identification of three independent energy-requiring steps: binding of the precursor to the outer envelope membrane, outer membrane transport, and inner membrane transport. Localization of the sites of energy utilization for each of these steps, as well as their respective nucleotide specificities, suggest that three different ATPases mediate chloroplast envelope transport.

摘要

叶绿体蛋白导入呈现出一个复杂的膜穿越问题

前体蛋白必须穿过两层包膜才能到达基质区室。这项研究鉴定了一种新的叶绿体蛋白导入中间体，它已完全穿过外膜，但尚未到达基质。这种中间体的存在表明，两层包膜中都存在不同的蛋白质转运机制，并且它们在某些条件下能够彼此独立运作。对该途径的能量特征分析导致鉴定出三个独立的能量需求步骤：前体与外膜的结合、外膜转运和内膜转运。对这些步骤中每个步骤能量利用位点的定位以及它们各自的核苷酸特异性表明，三种不同的ATP酶介导叶绿体包膜转运。