Nakayama K
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jan 23;93(2):634-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.93.2.634.
Binocular disparity, the differential angular separation between pairs of image points in the two eyes, is the well-recognized basis for binocular distance perception. Without denying disparity's role in perceiving depth, we describe two perceptual phenomena, which indicate that a wider view of binocular vision is warranted. First, we show that disparity can play a critical role in two-dimensional perception by determining whether separate image fragments should be grouped as part of a single surface or segregated as parts of separate surfaces. Second, we show that stereoscopic vision is not limited to the registration and interpretation of binocular disparity but that it relies on half-occluded points, visible to one eye and not the other, to determine the layout and transparency of surfaces. Because these half-visible points are coded by neurons carrying eye-of-origin information, we suggest that the perception of these surface properties depends on neural activity available at visual cortical area V1.
双眼视差，即两眼图像点对之间的角度差异，是公认的双眼距离感知基础。在不否认视差在深度感知中作用的情况下，我们描述了两种感知现象，这表明有必要对视知觉有更广泛的认识。首先，我们表明视差在二维感知中可以发挥关键作用，通过确定单独的图像片段是应作为单个表面的一部分进行分组，还是作为单独表面的部分进行分离。其次，我们表明立体视觉不仅限于双眼视差的登记和解释，还依赖于一只眼睛可见而另一只眼睛不可见的半遮挡点来确定表面的布局和透明度。由于这些半可见点由携带眼源信息的神经元编码，我们认为这些表面属性的感知取决于视觉皮层V1区的神经活动。
