Davidson M H, Kong J C, Drennan K B, Story K, Anderson G H
Chicago (Ill) Center for Clinical Research, USA.
Arch Intern Med. 1996 Feb 12;156(3):305-12.
To determine the effect of incorporating quick-service meals into a Step I diet on the achievement of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) guidelines and on the blood lipid response of hyperlipidemic subjects (as possibly, the achievement of, and adherence to, dietary goals may be assisted by the inclusion of familiar foods, instead of their exclusion).
This was a randomized, parallel design study in free-living subjects. Hypercholesterolemic men and women (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] level, 3.36 to 5.69 mmol/L [130 to 220 mg/dL]) who were consuming a high-fat diet (> 33% of total calories from fat) were randomly assigned to either a traditional NCEP Step I diet (n = 44) or an NCEP Step I diet with the incorporation of frequent quick-service meals (NCEP-QS, n = 45).
After 8 weeks of treatment, both groups similarly reduced their reported dietary intakes of energy (approximately 30%), total percent fat (approximately 8%), percent saturated fat (approximately 3%), and cholesterol (approximately 38% to 28%). Both groups also experienced a decrease in the levels of total serum cholesterol (NCEP Step I diet, 8%; NCEP-QS Step I diet, 3%) and LDL-C (NCEP Step I diet, 10%; NCEP-QS Step I diet, 4%). However, compared with the group receiving the NCEP-QS Step I diet, the subjects who were consuming the NCEP Step I diet showed a significantly greater reduction in their total serum cholesterol and LDL-C levels over time (P < .05). Weight loss was significantly correlated (P < .001) with the decrease in the total serum cholesterol and LDL-C levels for all subjects combined.
Hyperlipidemic subjects who were consuming an NCEP Step I diet, with or without the incorporation of quick-service meals, experienced a significant decrease in their total serum cholesterol and LDL-C levels, body weight, and reported fat intake. The beneficial responses in lipid levels were modestly mitigated in the quick-service diet group.
确定将速食餐纳入一级饮食方案对实现国家胆固醇教育计划（NCEP）指南的影响以及对高脂血症患者血脂反应的影响（因为纳入熟悉的食物而非排除它们可能有助于实现并坚持饮食目标）。
这是一项针对自由生活人群的随机平行设计研究。正在食用高脂肪饮食（脂肪占总热量的>33%）的高胆固醇血症男性和女性（低密度脂蛋白胆固醇[LDL-C]水平为3.36至5.69 mmol/L[130至220 mg/dL]）被随机分配到传统的NCEP一级饮食组（n = 44）或纳入频繁速食餐的NCEP一级饮食组（NCEP-QS，n = 45）。
治疗8周后，两组报告的能量饮食摄入量（约30%）、总脂肪百分比（约8%）、饱和脂肪百分比（约3%）和胆固醇（约38%至28%）均有相似程度的降低。两组的总血清胆固醇水平（NCEP一级饮食组降低8%；NCEP-QS一级饮食组降低3%）和LDL-C水平（NCEP一级饮食组降低10%；NCEP-QS一级饮食组降低4%）也都有所下降。然而，与接受NCEP-QS一级饮食的组相比，食用NCEP一级饮食的受试者随着时间推移其总血清胆固醇和LDL-C水平的降低幅度明显更大（P < 0.05）。所有受试者的体重减轻与总血清胆固醇和LDL-C水平的降低显著相关（P < 0.001）。
食用NCEP一级饮食的高脂血症患者，无论是否纳入速食餐，其总血清胆固醇和LDL-C水平、体重以及报告的脂肪摄入量均显著降低。速食餐饮食组血脂水平的有益反应略有减轻。
