Foltin R W, Kelly T H, Fischman M W
Division on Substance Abuse, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY, USA.
Physiol Behav. 1995 Nov;58(5):899-907. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(95)00149-d.
Six male subjects participated in a 15-day residential study examining the effects of amphetamine on macronutrient intake. During the first 11 days, carbohydrate intake was manipulated by providing lunch meals high (155 g) or low (25 g) in carbohydrate. Subjects received oral d-amphetamine (5, 10 mg/70 kg, BID) or placebo. Total daily caloric intake was similar under both lunch conditions (approximately 3400/Kcal), but carbohydrate contributed more energy under the high-carbohydrate condition. Both doses of amphetamine decreased total caloric intake to approximately 2600 Kcal, by decreasing the number of eating bouts, without affecting macronutrient selection. During the last four days subjects received a higher daily dose of amphetamine (30 mg/70 kg in four doses) or placebo, and were allowed to self-select lunch. Although 30 mg amphetamine decreased intake of all macronutrients, the relative contribution of carbohydrate to total caloric intake was increased from 54% to 62%, while the contribution of fat was decreased from 32% to 26% and the contribution of protein was decreased from 14% to 12%. Thus, at a high dose, amphetamine altered the relative contribution of specific macronutrients to total caloric intake.
六名男性受试者参与了一项为期15天的住院研究，该研究旨在考察苯丙胺对常量营养素摄入的影响。在最初的11天里，通过提供高碳水化合物（155克）或低碳水化合物（25克）的午餐来控制碳水化合物的摄入量。受试者口服右旋苯丙胺（5、10毫克/70千克，每日两次）或安慰剂。在两种午餐条件下，每日总热量摄入相似（约3400千卡），但在高碳水化合物条件下，碳水化合物提供的能量更多。两种剂量的苯丙胺均通过减少进食次数使总热量摄入降至约2600千卡，且不影响常量营养素的选择。在最后四天，受试者接受更高剂量的苯丙胺（30毫克/70千克，分四次服用）或安慰剂，并被允许自行选择午餐。尽管30毫克苯丙胺减少了所有常量营养素的摄入量，但碳水化合物在总热量摄入中的相对占比从54%增至62%，而脂肪的占比从32%降至26%，蛋白质的占比从14%降至12%。因此，高剂量的苯丙胺改变了特定常量营养素在总热量摄入中的相对占比。
