Tyra T L
Zakładu Psychologii Ogólnej i Klinicznej, Wydział Pedagogiki i Psychologii, Filii UW, Białymstoku.
Psychiatr Pol. 1995 Sep-Oct;29(5):697-708.
Alcohol has been established as a teratogenic agent that in prenatal exposure can cause a variety of adverse pregnancy outcomes depending on dose, timing, and conditions of exposure. Although alcohol, like many other teratogenes, can cause alterations in morphology, growth, and neurobehavioral outcomes, this report focuses primarily on the latter effects. As with other teratogens causing neurobehavioral aberrations, the neurobehavioral effects of prenatal alcohol are produced at lower exposure levels than the morphologic or growth effects, and except in extreme cases, they are more devastating to the offspring. Neurobehavioral effects are difficult to measure, however, because their manifestations change with the age of the offspring, and because, at the current state of art, their measurement involves outcomes that can be exacerbated or ameliorated by postnatal experience. This report describes results of the studies on the long-term developmental and behavioral consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure.
酒精已被确认为一种致畸剂，孕期接触酒精会根据剂量、接触时间和接触条件导致各种不良妊娠结局。尽管酒精与许多其他致畸剂一样，会导致形态、生长和神经行为方面的改变，但本报告主要关注后者的影响。与其他导致神经行为异常的致畸剂一样，孕期酒精对神经行为的影响在低于形态或生长影响的接触水平时就会产生，而且除极端情况外，对后代的危害更大。然而，神经行为影响很难测量，因为它们的表现会随着后代年龄的变化而改变，而且就目前的技术水平而言，它们的测量涉及到一些可能会因出生后的经历而加重或改善的结果。本报告描述了孕期接触酒精对长期发育和行为影响的研究结果。
