Tsujimura M, Matsushita K, Shiraki H, Sato H, Okochi K, Maeda Y
Fukuoka Red Cross Blood Center, Japan.
Vox Sang. 1995;69(3):206-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.1995.tb02595.x.
Using an immunodiffusion assay, we tested all of the blood units donated at the Fukuoka Red Cross Blood Center from June 1991 to July 1994 for B19 antigen. Over this 3-year trial period, we detected 16 viremic cases out of approximately 560,000 blood donors. Interestingly, most of the viremic donors (15 out of 16) were detected between February 1992 and January 1993, which coincided with a local erythema infectiosum epidemic in the Fukuoka area (December 1991 to August 1992). In particular, we detected 4 cases of viremia in March 1992, which was the peak of the erythema infectiosum epidemic. The incidence of B19 viremia in this peak period was approximately 1/4,000. The viremic donors ranged in age from 17 to 45 years, and most (11/16) were between 31 and 39 years old. By ELISA, using virus particles purified from viremic donor plasma as antigen, we analyzed the prevalence of B19-specific antibody among blood donors. The antibody-positive rate was approximately 40% in donors 16-30 years old, gradually increased in middle age, and reached a peak of 92% in donors more than 61 years old.
我们采用免疫扩散试验，对1991年6月至1994年7月在福冈红十字血液中心捐献的所有血液单位进行了B19抗原检测。在这3年的试验期内，我们在约560,000名献血者中检测到16例病毒血症病例。有趣的是，大多数病毒血症献血者（16例中的15例）是在1992年2月至1993年1月期间被检测到的，这与福冈地区的一次局部传染性红斑流行（1991年12月至1992年8月）相吻合。特别是，我们在1992年3月检测到4例病毒血症病例，当时正值传染性红斑流行的高峰期。该高峰期B19病毒血症的发病率约为1/4,000。病毒血症献血者的年龄在17至45岁之间，大多数（11/16）在31至39岁之间。我们以从病毒血症献血者血浆中纯化的病毒颗粒为抗原，通过ELISA分析了献血者中B19特异性抗体的流行情况。16至30岁的献血者中抗体阳性率约为40%，中年时逐渐升高，61岁以上的献血者中达到峰值92%。
