Williams C L, Bollella M, Spark A, Puder D
American Health Foundation, New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA.
J Am Coll Nutr. 1995 Jun;14(3):251-7. doi: 10.1080/07315724.1995.10718504.
Psyllium, a water-soluble fiber, has been shown to have a cholesterol-lowering effect in studies of adults. A small number of studies in children have produced variable results.
A 12-week, randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel clinical trial was conducted to test the effectiveness of psyllium in lowering total (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in 50 healthy 2 to 11 year old children. Children with two baseline LDL-C levels > or = 110 mg/dL were invited to participate in the trial, and were randomly assigned to follow a usual Step I (Control) diet of low dietary fat, saturated fat and cholesterol, or a Step I diet enriched with psyllium. Children consumed two 1-oz boxes of cereal per day, with each box of psyllium-enriched cereal containing 3.2 g of soluble fiber, and each box of placebo cereal containing less than 0.5 g of soluble fiber.
Greater reduction of total and LDL-cholesterol, and increase in HDL-cholesterol were noted after 12 weeks of the psyllium-enriched Step I diet compared to the Step I control diet. Total cholesterol decreased 21 mg/dL for the high fiber group compared with 11.5 mg/dL for the control group. LDL-C decreased 23 mg/dL for the high fiber group compared with 8.5 mg/dL for the control group. HDL-C increased 4 mg/dL for the high fiber group compared with 1 mg/dL for the controls. TC/HDL and LDL/HDL ratios decreased significantly more so for the high fiber group as well.
In this 12-week study, soluble fiber (psyllium) provided added benefit to the Step I diet in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.
车前草纤维是一种水溶性纤维，在成人研究中已显示出具有降低胆固醇的作用。少数针对儿童的研究结果不一。
开展了一项为期12周的随机、单盲、安慰剂对照平行临床试验，以测试车前草纤维对50名2至11岁健康儿童降低总胆固醇（TC）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）的效果。邀请基线LDL-C水平≥110mg/dL的儿童参与试验，并将他们随机分配至遵循低膳食脂肪、饱和脂肪和胆固醇的常规第一步（对照）饮食，或富含车前草纤维的第一步饮食。儿童每天食用两盒1盎司装的谷物，每盒富含车前草纤维的谷物含有3.2克可溶性纤维，每盒安慰剂谷物含有少于0.5克可溶性纤维。
与第一步对照饮食相比，富含车前草纤维的第一步饮食12周后，总胆固醇和LDL胆固醇降低幅度更大，HDL胆固醇升高。高纤维组总胆固醇降低21mg/dL，而对照组降低11.5mg/dL。高纤维组LDL-C降低23mg/dL，而对照组降低8.5mg/dL。高纤维组HDL-C升高4mg/dL，而对照组升高1mg/dL。高纤维组的TC/HDL和LDL/HDL比值也显著下降更多。
在这项为期12周的研究中，可溶性纤维（车前草纤维）在治疗高胆固醇血症方面为第一步饮食带来了额外益处。
