Jenkins D J, Wolever T M, Vidgen E, Kendall C W, Ransom T P, Mehling C C, Mueller S, Cunnane S C, O'Connell N C, Setchell K D, Lau H, Teitel J M, Garvey M B, Fulgoni V, Connelly P W, Patten R, Corey P N
Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, J Alick Little Core Lipid Laboratory, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 May;65(5):1524-33. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/65.5.1524.
We performed two studies to determine whether the lipid-lowering effect of viscous soluble fiber was modified by monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA). First, psyllium (1.4 g/MJ) was compared with wheat bran (control) in 1-mo metabolic diets by using a randomized crossover design (n = 32 hyperlipidemic subjects). The background diet contained approximately 6% of energy as MUFA (20% of total fat). The second study (n = 27 hyperlipidemic subjects) was similar to the first but the background diet contained approximately 12% MUFA (29% of total fat) because of the addition of canola oil. At both fat intakes, psyllium resulted in significant reductions in total, low-density-lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol compared with the wheat bran control. For the psyllium diet at 6% compared with 12% MUFA, the decreases in LDL cholesterol were 12.3 +/- 1.5% (P < 0.001) and 15.3 +/- 2.4% (P < 0.001), respectively. With the higher-MUFA diet triacylglycerol fell significantly over the control phase (16.6 +/- 5.5%, P = 0.006) and the ratio of LDL to HDL cholesterol fell significantly over the psyllium phase (7.3 +/- 2.8%, P = 0.015). Psyllium and MUFA intakes were negatively related to the percentage change in the ratio of LDL to HDL cholesterol (r = -0.34, P = 0.019 and r = -0.44, P = 0.002, respectively). Chenodeoxycholate synthesis rate increased (30 +/- 13%, P = 0.038) with the psyllium diet in the 12 subjects in whom this was assessed. We conclude that psyllium lowered LDL- and HDL-cholesterol concentrations similarly at both MUFA intakes. However, there may be some advantage in combining soluble fiber and MUFA to reduce the ratio of LDL to HDL cholesterol.
我们开展了两项研究，以确定单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）是否会改变粘性可溶性纤维的降脂效果。首先，采用随机交叉设计（n = 32名高脂血症受试者），在为期1个月的代谢饮食中将车前子（1.4克/兆焦耳）与麦麸（对照）进行比较。基础饮食中MUFA提供的能量约占6%（占总脂肪的20%）。第二项研究（n = 27名高脂血症受试者）与第一项研究相似，但由于添加了菜籽油，基础饮食中MUFA约占12%（占总脂肪的29%）。在两种脂肪摄入量情况下，与麦麸对照相比，车前子均使总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇显著降低。对于MUFA含量为6%和12%的车前子饮食，LDL胆固醇的降低幅度分别为12.3±1.5%（P < 0.001）和15.3±2.4%（P < 0.001）。在高MUFA饮食中，三酰甘油在对照阶段显著下降（16.6±5.5%，P = 0.006），LDL与HDL胆固醇的比值在车前子阶段显著下降（7.3±2.8%，P = 0.015）。车前子和MUFA的摄入量与LDL与HDL胆固醇比值的百分比变化呈负相关（r分别为-0.34，P = 0.019和r = -0.44，P = 0.002）。在接受评估的12名受试者中，车前子饮食使鹅去氧胆酸盐合成率升高（30±13%，P = 0.038）。我们得出结论，在两种MUFA摄入量情况下，车前子降低LDL胆固醇和HDL胆固醇浓度的效果相似。然而，将可溶性纤维和MUFA联合使用可能在降低LDL与HDL胆固醇比值方面具有一定优势。
