Palmer A J, Fletcher A E, Bulpitt C J, Beevers D G, Coles E C, Ledingham J G, Petrie J C, Webster J, Dollery C T
Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
J Hypertens. 1995 Sep;13(9):957-64. doi: 10.1097/00004872-199509000-00004.
To determine the benefits and risks of drinking alcohol in treated hypertensives.
A prospective study of 6,369 hypertensives (3,161 men) attending primarily hospital clinics in the UK.
Relative risks both for drinkers compared with non-drinkers and for level of alcohol consumption were calculated for mortality from ischaemic heart disease, stroke, non-circulatory and all causes.
At presentation 76% of the men and 48% of the women reported recent alcohol consumption. Compared with drinkers, non-drinkers were older, less likely to smoke and had a higher untreated blood pressure. After adjustment for confounding factors, male drinkers had a reduced risk of stroke mortality and possibly of ischaemic heart disease mortality. Similar results were observed in women for stroke mortality but not for ischaemic heart disease mortality. The trend remained after adjustment for previous cardiovascular disease. In men the lowest risk of ischaemic heart disease mortality occurred at intakes of > 21 units per week and stroke mortality was lowest at 1-10 units per week. Men consuming > 21 units per week had a twofold higher non-circulatory mortality. Total mortality was lowest in men who drank 1-10 units per week. Similar effects of alcohol on cardiovascular mortality were observed in women.
Alcohol intake may reduce stroke mortality in treated hypertensives. Ischaemic heart disease mortality in men may also be reduced, especially at higher intakes ( > 21 units per week). The beneficial effects were offset by increasing incidence of non-circulatory causes of death. Alcohol consumption of 1-10 units per week was associated with the lowest mortality in men.
确定接受治疗的高血压患者饮酒的益处和风险。
对英国主要医院门诊的6369名高血压患者（3161名男性）进行的前瞻性研究。
计算饮酒者与不饮酒者相比以及不同饮酒量水平下，因缺血性心脏病、中风、非循环系统疾病及所有病因导致的死亡率的相对风险。
就诊时，76%的男性和48%的女性报告近期有饮酒。与饮酒者相比，不饮酒者年龄更大，吸烟可能性更低，未治疗的血压更高。在对混杂因素进行调整后，男性饮酒者中风死亡率以及可能的缺血性心脏病死亡率风险降低。在女性中观察到中风死亡率有类似结果，但缺血性心脏病死亡率无此结果。在对既往心血管疾病进行调整后，该趋势依然存在。在男性中，每周饮酒量>21单位时缺血性心脏病死亡率风险最低，每周饮酒量1 - 10单位时中风死亡率最低。每周饮酒量>21单位的男性非循环系统疾病死亡率高出两倍。每周饮酒量1 - 10单位的男性总死亡率最低。在女性中观察到酒精对心血管死亡率有类似影响。
饮酒可能降低接受治疗的高血压患者的中风死亡率。男性的缺血性心脏病死亡率也可能降低，尤其是饮酒量较高时（每周>21单位）。这些有益效果被非循环系统疾病死亡发生率的增加所抵消。每周饮酒量1 - 10单位与男性最低死亡率相关。
