Nissinen A, Grönroos P, Huovinen P, Herva E, Katila M L, Klaukka T, Kontiainen S, Liimatainen O, Oinonen S, Mäkelä P H
Antimicrobial Research Laboratory, National Public Health Institute, Turku, Finland.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Nov;21(5):1193-6. doi: 10.1093/clinids/21.5.1193.
The frequency of beta-lactamase production was analyzed in a study of 1,452 strains of Moraxella catarrhalis and 2,738 strains of Haemophilus influenzae isolated from middle-ear fluid of children < 6 years of age at Tampere University Hospital in Tampere, Finland, between 1978 and 1993. In addition, 401 isolates of M. catarrhalis from similar samples collected in different parts of Finland in 1988-1990 were tested for beta-lactamase production; minimal inhibitory concentrations of ampicillin, cefaclor, cephalothin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for these strains were determined. These data were compared with figures for the annual consumption of beta-lactam antimicrobials in the community in 1978-1993. A bimodal increase in the proportion of strains of M. catarrhalis producing beta-lactamase was detected: from 0 to 60% in 1978-1983 and from 60% to 80% in 1988-1990. Concurrently with the second increase, the consumption of cephalosporins increased substantially in the community. The frequency of beta-lactamase-producing strains of H. influenzae did not increase between 1978 and 1993.
1978年至1993年间，在芬兰坦佩雷大学医院，对从6岁以下儿童中耳液中分离出的1452株卡他莫拉菌和2738株流感嗜血杆菌进行了β-内酰胺酶产生频率的分析。此外，还对1988 - 1990年在芬兰不同地区采集的类似样本中的401株卡他莫拉菌分离株进行了β-内酰胺酶产生检测；测定了这些菌株对氨苄西林、头孢克洛、头孢噻吩、红霉素、四环素和甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑的最低抑菌浓度。将这些数据与1978 - 1993年社区中β-内酰胺类抗菌药物的年消费量数据进行了比较。检测到产生β-内酰胺酶的卡他莫拉菌菌株比例呈双峰增加：1978 - 1983年从0%增至60%，1988 - 1990年从60%增至80%。在第二次增加的同时，社区中头孢菌素的消费量大幅增加。1978年至1993年间，产生β-内酰胺酶的流感嗜血杆菌菌株频率没有增加。
