Bellisle F, Monneuse M O, Steptoe A, Wardle J
INSERM U341, Hotel-Dieu, Paris, France.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1995 Oct;19(10):723-30.
To assess a wide range of health-related behaviours, beliefs and knowledge in educated young adults.
A standardized questionnaire was developed, translated, and administered in university classes.
16,486 university students in 21 European countries.
Reported and self-perceived body size, eating practices and weight concerns.
Body Mass Index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)2) was slightly different between countries, and rather low overall (20.5 in women and 22.0 in men). These low values can be attributed to the young age of respondents (21.4 years) and to their presumably high socio-economic status. Very few were overweight (8%) and less than 1% were obese. In spite of the low BMI, many perceived themselves as overweight, especially among women. Trying to lose weight (44% of women, 17% of men) and dieting (14% in women and 3% in men) were not uncommon, although large differences existed between countries. Dieting affected snack and meal patterns: dieters reported fewer snacks and female dieters also reported fewer meals than non-dieters. Breakfast was skipped by almost twice as many dieters as non-dieters. Some evidence of anorexia nervosa (dieting in very underweight individuals) appeared.
The data suggest excessive responses to weight loss pressures and imperfect translation of nutritional advice into behaviours.
评估受过教育的年轻成年人广泛的健康相关行为、信念和知识。
编制一份标准化问卷，进行翻译后在大学课堂上实施。
21个欧洲国家的16486名大学生。
报告的和自我感知的体型、饮食习惯及体重担忧。
各国之间的体重指数（BMI；体重（千克）/身高（米）²）略有差异，总体较低（女性为20.5，男性为22.0）。这些低值可归因于受访者的年轻（21.4岁）以及他们可能较高的社会经济地位。超重者极少（8%），肥胖者不到1%。尽管BMI较低，但许多人认为自己超重，尤其是女性。试图减肥（44%的女性，17%的男性）和节食（女性为14%，男性为3%）并不罕见，尽管各国之间存在很大差异。节食影响了零食和用餐模式：节食者报告的零食较少，女性节食者报告的用餐次数也比非节食者少。节食者不吃早餐的人数几乎是非节食者的两倍。出现了一些神经性厌食症的迹象（体重极轻者节食）。
数据表明对减肥压力的反应过度，以及营养建议在行为上的转化不完善。
