Brown L J, Brunelle J A, Kingman A
Division of Epidemiology and Oral Disease Prevention, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-6401, USA.
J Dent Res. 1996 Feb;75 Spec No:672-83. doi: 10.1177/002203459607502S07.
This paper reports estimates of the periodontal status of US population derived from data from Phase 1 of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted by the National Institute of Dental Research from 1988-1991. A total of 7,447 dentate individuals 13 years of age and older, representing approximately 160.3 million civilian non-institutionalized Americans, received a periodontal assessment. Measurements of gingival bleeding, gingival recession level, periodontal pocket depth, and calculus were made by dental examiners. Assessments were made at the mesiobuccal and mid-buccal sites of all fully erupted permanent teeth present in two randomly selected quadrants, one maxillary and one mandibular. All data were weighted and standard errors calculated by special software to adjust for the effect of sample design. Although over 90% of persons 13 years of age or older had experienced some clinical loss of attachment (LA), only 15% exhibited more severe destruction (LA > or = 5 mm). Prevalence of moderate and severe LA and gingival recession increased with age, while prevalence of pockets > or = 4 mm or > or = 6 mm did not. These data suggest that the increasing prevalence of LA with age is more associated with increasing prevalence of recession than with changes in the prevalence of pockets or age. The extent or number of affected sites with advanced conditions for loss of attachment, pocket depth, or recession was not large for any age group. Differences in prevalence of moderate and severe loss of attachment, moderate and deep pockets, and recession were found among gender and race-ethnicity groups. Females exhibited better periodontal health than males, and non-Hispanic whites exhibited better periodontal health than either non-Hispanic blacks or Mexican-Americans.
本文报告了根据美国国立牙科研究所1988 - 1991年开展的第三次全国健康和营养检查调查第一阶段数据得出的美国人群牙周状况估计值。共有7447名13岁及以上的有牙个体接受了牙周评估，这些个体代表了约1.603亿非机构化的美国平民。由牙科检查人员对牙龈出血、牙龈退缩程度、牙周袋深度和牙石进行测量。在随机选择的两个象限（一个上颌象限和一个下颌象限）中所有完全萌出的恒牙的近中颊侧和颊侧中点进行评估。所有数据进行了加权处理，并通过特殊软件计算标准误差以调整样本设计的影响。虽然超过90%的13岁及以上人群经历过某种临床附着丧失（LA），但只有15%表现出更严重的破坏（LA≥5mm）。中度和重度LA以及牙龈退缩的患病率随年龄增加，而≥4mm或≥6mm牙周袋的患病率则不然。这些数据表明，LA患病率随年龄增加更多地与牙龈退缩患病率增加相关，而非与牙周袋患病率或年龄变化相关。对于任何年龄组，附着丧失、牙周袋深度或退缩等严重状况的患牙部位范围或数量都不大。在性别和种族 - 族裔群体中发现了中度和重度附着丧失、中度和深牙周袋以及牙龈退缩患病率的差异。女性的牙周健康状况优于男性，非西班牙裔白人的牙周健康状况优于非西班牙裔黑人或墨西哥裔美国人。
