Campos M A, Arias A, Rodriguez C, Dorta A, Betancor L, Lopez-Aguado D, Sierra A
Department of Preventive Medicine & Public Health, University of La Laguna, Spain.
J Chemother. 1995 Oct;7(5):427-31. doi: 10.1179/joc.1995.7.5.427.
Infectious diseases of the ear are important in adults due to their incidence and relapses. We carried out a study of aerobic microorganisms on 251 otic exudates from patients diagnosed as having chronic suppurative otitis media without cholesteatoma (119), chronic suppurative otitis media with cholesteatoma (85) and chronic external otitis (47). The microorganisms predominantly isolated were, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and other Enterobacteriaceae. 86% of isolates were monomicrobial and 14% of isolates were polymicrobial. In these latter the predominantly isolated microorganisms were also P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, Corynebacterium spp. and Proteus mirabilis. P. aeruginosa was the most commonly isolated and showed the highest percentages of resistance against antimicrobial agents tested. P. aeruginosa was most susceptible to ciprofloxacin and imipenem, but much less susceptible to cefotaxime, moxalactam and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. S. aureus was highly sensitive to amoxicillin/clavulanate, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, rifampin and teichoplanin. 100% of the isolates were resistant to penicillin G and ampicillin.
耳部感染性疾病因其发病率和复发情况在成人中较为重要。我们对251份来自被诊断为无胆脂瘤型慢性化脓性中耳炎（119例）、有胆脂瘤型慢性化脓性中耳炎（85例）和慢性外耳道炎（47例）患者的耳部分泌物进行了需氧微生物研究。主要分离出的微生物有铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和其他肠杆菌科细菌。86%的分离株为单一微生物，14%为多种微生物。在后者中，主要分离出的微生物也是铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、棒状杆菌属和奇异变形杆菌。铜绿假单胞菌是最常分离出的，并且对所测试的抗菌药物显示出最高的耐药率。铜绿假单胞菌对环丙沙星和亚胺培南最敏感，但对头孢噻肟、拉氧头孢和甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑的敏感性要低得多。金黄色葡萄球菌对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑、利福平和替考拉宁高度敏感。100%的分离株对青霉素G和氨苄西林耐药。
