Renne R, Zhong W, Herndier B, McGrath M, Abbey N, Kedes D, Ganem D
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.
Nat Med. 1996 Mar;2(3):342-6. doi: 10.1038/nm0396-342.
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the leading neoplasm of AIDS patients, and HIV infection is known to be a major risk factor for its development. However, KS can occur in the absence of HIV infection and the risk of KS development varies widely even among HIV-infected patients, with homosexual men with AIDS being 20 times more likely to develop KS than AIDS-afflicted children or hemophiliacs. These and other data strongly suggest that a sexually transmitted agent or co-factor may be involved in KS pathogenesis. Recently, DNA sequences corresponding to the genome of a novel member of the herpesvirus family have been identified within AIDS-KS biopsies, and several reports indicate that these sequences are also present in all forms of HIV-negative KS. These and other findings suggest this new agent, referred to as KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) or human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8), as a candidate for the putative etiologic cofactor. However, the role of this agent in KS remains hotly debated. Further progress in understanding its biology has been severely hampered by the lack of a cell culture system for virus growth. Here we report the development of a system for the lytic growth of this virus in a latently infected B cell line and present the first ultrastructural visualization of the virus. This system will facilitate the detailed study of the molecular biology of viral replication, the testing of antiviral drugs and the development of diagnostic tests for viral infection.
卡波西肉瘤（KS）是艾滋病患者最常见的肿瘤，已知HIV感染是其发生的主要危险因素。然而，KS也可在无HIV感染的情况下发生，并且即使在HIV感染患者中，KS发生的风险也有很大差异，患艾滋病的同性恋男性发生KS的可能性比患艾滋病的儿童或血友病患者高20倍。这些及其他数据强烈提示，一种性传播病原体或辅助因子可能参与了KS的发病机制。最近，在艾滋病相关KS活检组织中已鉴定出与疱疹病毒科一个新成员基因组相对应的DNA序列，并且有几份报告表明这些序列也存在于所有形式的HIV阴性KS中。这些及其他发现提示这种新病原体，即KS相关疱疹病毒（KSHV）或人类疱疹病毒8型（HHV8），可能是假定的病因辅助因子。然而，该病原体在KS中的作用仍存在激烈争论。由于缺乏用于病毒生长的细胞培养系统，对其生物学特性的进一步了解受到严重阻碍。在此我们报告一种使该病毒在潜伏感染的B细胞系中进行裂解生长的系统的建立，并展示该病毒的首次超微结构可视化。该系统将有助于对病毒复制分子生物学进行详细研究、测试抗病毒药物以及开发病毒感染诊断检测方法。
