Dotto L
CMAJ. 1996 Apr 15;154(8):1193-6.
Learning and memory can be impaired by sleep loss during specific vulnerable "windows" for several days after new tasks have been learned. Different types of tasks are differentially vulnerable to the loss of different stages of sleep. Memory required to perform cognitive procedural tasks is affected by the loss of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep on the first night after learning occurs and again on the third night after learning. REM-sleep deprivation on the second night after learning does not produce memory deficits. Declarative memory, which is used for the recall of specific facts, is not similarly affected by REM-sleep loss. The learning of procedural motor tasks, including those required in many sports, is impaired by the loss of stage 2 sleep, which occurs primarily in the early hours of the morning. These findings have implications for the academic and athletic performance of students and for anyone whose work involves ongoing learning and demands high standards of performance.
在学习新任务后的特定易损“窗口期”内，睡眠缺失会损害学习和记忆能力，这种影响可持续数天。不同类型的任务对不同睡眠阶段缺失的易损性各不相同。执行认知程序性任务所需的记忆，在学习发生后的第一个晚上以及学习后的第三个晚上，会受到快速眼动（REM）睡眠缺失的影响。学习后第二个晚上的REM睡眠剥夺不会导致记忆缺陷。用于回忆特定事实的陈述性记忆，不会受到REM睡眠缺失的类似影响。包括许多体育运动所需的程序性运动任务的学习，会因主要发生在凌晨的第二阶段睡眠缺失而受损。这些发现对学生的学业和运动表现，以及任何工作涉及持续学习且要求高标准表现的人都有启示。
