O'Donnell B F, Swearer J M, Smith L T, Nestor P G, Shenton M E, McCarley R W
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Am J Psychiatry. 1996 May;153(5):687-92. doi: 10.1176/ajp.153.5.687.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of patients with schizophrenia on tests of visual discrimination and recognition of different stimulus features.
Thirteen medicated male schizophrenic patients and 13 normal comparison subjects were tested on four stimulus features: spatial frequency, pattern, location, and trajectory. Subjects had to make both discrimination and recognition judgments at three levels of stimulus disparity.
The responses of the patient group were slower and less accurate than those of the comparison group on both the discrimination and recognition tasks. The patients were less accurate than the comparison subjects in processing spatial features of the stimuli, particularly trajectory, but were unimpaired in processing form attributes (high spatial frequencies and patterns). When the results of pattern and trajectory tasks were matched against the accuracy performance of the comparison group, the patients were less accurate on trajectory than on pattern judgments and less accurate on recognition than on discrimination performance.
Schizophrenia may be accompanied by impaired visual spatial perception and representation. In schizophrenia, deficits in trajectory discrimination may reflect a disturbance of the dorsal pathway of the visual system, while disturbances of trajectory recognition performance may reflect a deficit in prefrontal systems involved in visual working memory operations.
本研究旨在评估精神分裂症患者在视觉辨别及不同刺激特征识别测试中的表现。
对13名正在服药的男性精神分裂症患者和13名正常对照受试者进行了四项刺激特征测试：空间频率、图案、位置和轨迹。受试者必须在三种刺激差异水平下做出辨别和识别判断。
在辨别和识别任务中，患者组的反应均比对照组更慢且准确性更低。患者在处理刺激的空间特征（尤其是轨迹）时比对照受试者准确性更低，但在处理形状属性（高空间频率和图案）时未受损。当将图案和轨迹任务的结果与对照组的准确性表现进行匹配时，患者在轨迹判断上比图案判断准确性更低，在识别上比辨别表现准确性更低。
精神分裂症可能伴有视觉空间感知和表征受损。在精神分裂症中，轨迹辨别缺陷可能反映视觉系统背侧通路的紊乱，而轨迹识别表现的紊乱可能反映参与视觉工作记忆操作的前额叶系统的缺陷。
