Gonzales A E, Garcia H H, Gilman R H, Gavidia C M, Tsang V C, Bernal T, Falcon N, Romero M, Lopez-Urbina M T
Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1996 Apr;54(4):391-4. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1996.54.391.
The pig is a vital link in the transmission cycle of Taenia solium, the cestode responsible for human-porcine cysticercosis. Infected pigs also represent an important source of economic loss to farmers in developing countries. Past efforts to find an adequate therapeutic regimen to treat this parasite disease in swine have failed because of low efficacy, high cost, side effects, or the need for multiple doses. In this randomized, no treatment-controlled study, the efficacy and safety of oxfendazole and praziquantel for the treatment of porcine cysticercosis were evaluated in 16 naturally infected pigs. Four groups of four pigs were treated with oxfendazole, praziquantel, oxfendazole plus praziquantel, or untreated. The pigs were humanely killed 12 weeks post-treatment, the number of cyst was counted, and parasite viability was assessed by cyst evagination. No detectable side effects were seen in any of the pigs. Praziquantel treatment alone appeared to reduce the number of cysts, but did not decrease the viability of the remaining parasites. Treatment with oxfendazole alone or oxfendazole plus praziquantel killed all of the parasites, and left only microcalcifications in the meat. Oxfendazole provides, for the first time, a practical, effective, inexpensive, and single-dose therapy for porcine cysticercosis.
猪是猪带绦虫传播周期中的关键环节，猪带绦虫是导致人猪囊尾蚴病的绦虫。受感染的猪对发展中国家的农民来说也是经济损失的一个重要来源。过去寻找一种合适的治疗方案来治疗猪的这种寄生虫病的努力都失败了，原因是疗效低、成本高、有副作用或需要多剂量给药。在这项随机、无治疗对照研究中，对16头自然感染的猪评估了奥芬达唑和吡喹酮治疗猪囊尾蚴病的疗效和安全性。将四组猪，每组四头，分别用奥芬达唑、吡喹酮、奥芬达唑加吡喹酮治疗或不治疗。治疗12周后对猪实施安乐死，统计囊肿数量，并通过囊肿外翻评估寄生虫的活力。在任何猪身上均未观察到可检测到的副作用。单独使用吡喹酮治疗似乎减少了囊肿数量，但并未降低剩余寄生虫的活力。单独使用奥芬达唑或奥芬达唑加吡喹酮治疗可杀死所有寄生虫，且肉中仅留下微小钙化。奥芬达唑首次为猪囊尾蚴病提供了一种实用、有效、廉价且单剂量的治疗方法。
