Wolf S L, Barnhart H X, Kutner N G, McNeely E, Coogler C, Xu T
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1996 May;44(5):489-97. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1996.tb01432.x.
To evaluate the effects of two exercise approaches, Tai Chi (TC) and computerized balance training (BT), on specified primary outcomes (biomedical, functional, and psychosocial indicators of frailty) and secondary outcomes (occurrence of falls).
The Atlanta FICSIT (Frailty and Injuries: Cooperative Studies of Intervention Techniques), a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial with three arms (TC, BT, and education [ED]. Intervention length was 15 weeks, with primary outcomes measured before and after intervention and at 4-month follow-up. Falls were monitored continuously throughout the study.
Persons aged 70 and older living in the community.
A total of 200 participants, 162 women and 38 men; mean age was 76.2.
Biomedical (strength, flexibility, cardiovascular endurance, body composition), functional (IADL), and psychosocial well-being (CES-D scale, fear of falling questionnaire, self-perception of present and future health, mastery index, perceived quality of sleep, and intrusiveness) variables.
Grip strength declined in all groups, and lower extremity range of motion showed limited but statistically significant changes. Lowered blood pressure before and after a 12-minute walk was seen following TC participation. Fear of falling responses and intrusiveness responses were reduced after the TC intervention compared with the ED group (P = .046 and P = .058, respectively). After adjusting for fall risk factors, TC was found to reduce the risk of multiple falls by 47.5%.
A moderate TC intervention can impact favorably on defined biomedical and psychosocial indices of frailty. This intervention can also have favorable effects upon the occurrence of falls. Tai Chi warrants further study as an exercise treatment to improve the health of older people.
评估两种运动方式，即太极拳（TC）和计算机化平衡训练（BT），对特定主要结局（衰弱的生物医学、功能和心理社会指标）和次要结局（跌倒发生率）的影响。
亚特兰大FICSIT（衰弱与损伤：干预技术合作研究），一项前瞻性、随机、对照临床试验，分为三组（TC组、BT组和教育组[ED]）。干预时长为15周，主要结局在干预前后及4个月随访时测量。在整个研究过程中持续监测跌倒情况。
居住在社区的70岁及以上老年人。
共200名参与者，162名女性和38名男性；平均年龄为76.2岁。
生物医学指标（力量、柔韧性、心血管耐力、身体成分）、功能指标（工具性日常生活活动能力）和心理社会幸福感指标（流调中心抑郁量表、跌倒恐惧问卷、对当前和未来健康的自我认知、掌握指数、睡眠质量感知和侵扰感）变量。
所有组的握力均下降，下肢活动范围显示出有限但具有统计学意义的变化。参与TC组后，12分钟步行前后血压降低。与ED组相比，TC干预后跌倒恐惧反应和侵扰感反应降低（分别为P = 0.046和P = 0.058）。在调整跌倒风险因素后，发现TC可将多次跌倒的风险降低47.5%。
适度的TC干预可对已定义的衰弱生物医学和心理社会指标产生积极影响。这种干预对跌倒的发生也有积极作用。太极拳作为一种改善老年人健康的运动疗法值得进一步研究。
