Butcher J N, Rouse S V
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
Annu Rev Psychol. 1996;47:87-111. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.47.1.87.
Research in clinical personality assessment continues to be produced at a high rate. The MMPI/MMPI-2 remains the most popular instrument for both clinical application and psychopathology research. Two other clinical personality instruments, the Rorschach and TAT, continue to find a place in research and clinical assessment. Some new instruments have surfaced recently to deal with areas, such as personality disorders, that have been considered inadequately addressed. There is a growing recognition that the Five-Factor Model is too superficial for clinical assessment that requires more refined and broadened patient information. Clinical personality assessment has successfully survived a number of past challenges. The newest challenge stems from the health-care revolution, in which managed-care providers are reluctant to pay for assessment because of shrinking funds. Psychologists need to develop models for incorporating assessment information into the treatment process. The future is likely to see more extensive research and theoretical development in this endeavor.
临床人格评估领域的研究仍在大量涌现。明尼苏达多相人格测验（MMPI）/明尼苏达多相人格测验第二版（MMPI-2）依然是临床应用和精神病理学研究中最受欢迎的工具。另外两种临床人格测评工具，即罗夏墨迹测验和主题统觉测验，仍在研究和临床评估中占有一席之地。最近出现了一些新工具，用于处理诸如人格障碍等被认为此前未得到充分关注的领域。人们越来越认识到，五因素模型对于需要更精细、更广泛患者信息的临床评估来说过于肤浅。临床人格评估成功经受住了过去的诸多挑战。最新的挑战源自医疗保健变革，在这场变革中，管理式医疗服务提供者因资金缩减而不愿为评估付费。心理学家需要开发将评估信息纳入治疗过程的模式。未来，这项工作可能会有更广泛的研究和理论发展。
