Beck J D, Slade G D
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA.
Curr Opin Periodontol. 1996;3:3-9.
This review summarizes findings from 46 reports selected from over 130 epidemiologic studies published in 1993 and 1994. Recent findings from longitudinal studies are consistent with the concept that periodontal destruction proceeds in random bursts at specific sites and demonstrate that some individuals have an elevated risk of attachment loss. These and other studies provide further evidence that cigarette smoking is a significant risk factor. New studies have quantified the risk of tooth loss due to periodontal disease, and there is better knowledge about HIV-associated periodontal diseases. Familial studies suggest that both environmental and genetic factors contribute to individual variations in etiologic factors (such as plaque) and periodontal diseases. Several studies propose an intriguing link between periodontal diseases and coronary heart disease, which may be mediated through risk factors common to both diseases, and as a direct consequence of the contribution of periodontal bacteria and their products to atherosclerosis.
本综述总结了从1993年和1994年发表的130多项流行病学研究中挑选出的46份报告的研究结果。纵向研究的最新发现与以下概念一致，即牙周破坏在特定部位以随机爆发的方式进行，并表明一些个体附着丧失的风险升高。这些研究以及其他研究进一步证明吸烟是一个重要的风险因素。新的研究已经量化了牙周病导致牙齿脱落的风险，并且对与艾滋病毒相关的牙周病有了更多了解。家族研究表明，环境因素和遗传因素都导致个体在病因因素（如牙菌斑）和牙周病方面存在差异。几项研究提出了牙周病与冠心病之间的有趣联系，这可能是通过两种疾病共有的风险因素介导的，也可能是牙周细菌及其产物对动脉粥样硬化产生影响的直接结果。
