Surks M I, Ocampo E
Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10467, USA.
Am J Med. 1996 Feb;100(2):217-23. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9343(97)89462-4.
Widespread use of improved measurements for serum thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) has resulted in characterization of the syndromes of subclinical hypothyroidism, characterized by normal free T4 estimate and raised serum TSH, and subclinical hyperthyroidism, in which patients have normal serum free T4 estimate and decreased serum TSH. Therapy for these two disorders in generally recommended but must be individualized according to the patient's general medical condition. Additional studies are needed to assess the benefits of treatment. This report reviews subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism, describing their causes, diagnostic criteria, complications, and indications for treatment. A brief review of testing for thyroid function is presented, and each of the subclinical disorders is compared with the classic syndromes of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.
血清甲状腺激素和促甲状腺激素（TSH）改良检测方法的广泛应用，已明确了亚临床甲状腺功能减退综合征（其特征为游离T4估算值正常但血清TSH升高）和亚临床甲状腺功能亢进综合征（患者血清游离T4估算值正常但血清TSH降低）。这两种病症通常建议进行治疗，但必须根据患者的总体健康状况个体化治疗。需要进一步研究来评估治疗的益处。本报告回顾了亚临床甲状腺功能减退和亚临床甲状腺功能亢进，描述了它们的病因、诊断标准、并发症及治疗指征。简要介绍了甲状腺功能检测，并将每种亚临床病症与经典的甲状腺功能减退和亢进综合征进行了比较。
