Ahkter J, Qureshi R, Rahim F, Moosvi S, Rehman A, Jabbar A, Islam N, Khan M A
Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
Diabet Med. 1996 Feb;13(2):189-91. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9136(199602)13:2<189::AID-DIA32>3.0.CO;2-4.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and complications as well as to correlate maternal and fetal outcome with glycaemic control, in a community of Pakistani women. This was a retrospective study of 6830 deliveries over a 5-year period in a tertiary care hospital in Karachi. Either a 75 g glucose tolerance test or a screening 50 g glucose challenge was administered depending on risk factors for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). Case records of deliveries during this period were analysed for presence of GDM or pre-existing diabetes; glycaemic control and complications were ascertained for those with diabetes. During this period 267 (3.9%) of the 6380 deliveries were identified as diabetic pregnancies. Of these 223 (3.3%) had GDM and 44 (0.6%) women had pre-existing diabetes mellitus. Overall maternal complications were high; pre-eclampsia (19%), polyhydramnios (4.6%), and threatened abortion (3.4%). Fetal complications of macrosomia (13.1%), intrauterine growth retardation (7.1%), intrauterine deaths (5.3%) were noted. Complications were higher in poorly controlled groups. We conclude that the prevalence of GDM in Pakistani women in our study was comparable to their Western counterparts but complication rates were higher, possibly due to poorer glycaemic control.
本研究旨在确定巴基斯坦女性群体中妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的患病率、并发症情况，并将母婴结局与血糖控制情况进行关联分析。这是一项对卡拉奇一家三级护理医院5年间6830例分娩病例的回顾性研究。根据妊娠期糖尿病的风险因素，对孕妇进行75克葡萄糖耐量试验或50克葡萄糖筛查试验。分析该时间段内分娩病例记录中是否存在妊娠期糖尿病或孕前糖尿病；确定糖尿病患者的血糖控制情况及并发症。在此期间，6830例分娩中有267例（3.9%）被确定为糖尿病妊娠。其中223例（3.3%）患有妊娠期糖尿病，44例（0.6%）女性患有孕前糖尿病。总体而言，孕产妇并发症发生率较高；子痫前期（19%）、羊水过多（4.6%）和先兆流产（3.4%）。胎儿并发症包括巨大儿（13.1%）、胎儿生长受限（7.1%）、死胎（5.3%）。血糖控制不佳组的并发症发生率更高。我们得出结论，在我们的研究中，巴基斯坦女性妊娠期糖尿病的患病率与西方女性相当，但并发症发生率更高，可能是由于血糖控制较差。
