Khan A S, Khabbaz R F, Armstrong L R, Holman R C, Bauer S P, Graber J, Strine T, Miller G, Reef S, Tappero J, Rollin P E, Nichol S T, Zaki S R, Bryan R T, Chapman L E, Peters C J, Ksiazek T G
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1297-303. doi: 10.1093/infdis/173.6.1297.
In the spring of 1993, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) "emerged" in the southwestern United States, where a multiagency investigation led to the rapid description of this new clinical entity and its etiology. Analysis of the first 100 US cases identified showed that the disease was distributed in 21 states, had gone unrecognized since at least 1959, and had a distinct spring-early summer seasonality. Of the infected persons, 54% were male; 63% were Caucasian, 35% were Native American, and 2% were African American. The average age of case-patients was 34.9 years, and 8 were children or adolescents aged < or = 16 years. The overall case-fatality rate was 52%. There was a 91% concordance among serologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular results. HPS in the United States is caused by at least three newly described pathogenic hantaviruses, each of which has a distinct rodent host, and cases of HPS have been recently recognized in Canada and South America. National surveillance of this sporadic disease remains essential for further defining the epidemiology and clinical spectrum.
1993年春，汉坦病毒肺综合征（HPS）在美国西南部“出现”，多机构联合调查迅速明确了这一新临床病症及其病因。对确诊的美国首批100例病例的分析显示，该疾病分布于21个州，至少自1959年起就未被识别，且具有明显的春末至夏初季节性特征。感染者中，54%为男性；63%为白种人，35%为美洲原住民，2%为非裔美国人。病例患者的平均年龄为34.9岁，8例为16岁及以下的儿童或青少年。总体病死率为52%。血清学、免疫组织化学和分子检测结果的一致性达91%。美国的HPS由至少三种新发现的致病性汉坦病毒引起，每种病毒都有独特的啮齿动物宿主，加拿大和南美洲近期也发现了HPS病例。对这种散发性疾病的全国监测对于进一步明确其流行病学和临床特征仍然至关重要。
