Demongeot J
TIMC-IMAG, Faculté de Médecine de Grenoble, La Tronche.
Chirurgie. 1994;120(11):19-25.
The hospital in the future will be faced with the major problem of managing and optimizing the use of images provided from numerous sources examining both anatomy (MRI, CT-scan...) and function (gamma-camera, PET-scan...). One of the first to benefit from such rationalization will be the surgeon. After studying the results of the physical examination, the laboratory reports and the medical imaging, the surgeon will decide on the best curative measured and the best surgical route before operating. He thus needs a computer to assist him in integrating the multi-modal information available for his patient, in particular the imaging with automatic integration and visualisation in synoptic mode (perception step), showing the trajectory of possible access routes to the target organ, memorization of the chosen route (decision step) and real operation either using laser or a manuel tool, or with robot assistance under human control (action step). This close cooperation between surgery and computers is called computer-assisted surgery. A few examples of current uses an future perspectives of this new field of surgery are presented.
未来的医院将面临一个重大问题，即管理和优化来自众多检查解剖结构（磁共振成像、计算机断层扫描等）和功能（伽马相机、正电子发射断层扫描等）的图像的使用。最早从这种合理化中受益的将是外科医生。在研究了体格检查结果、实验室报告和医学影像后，外科医生将在手术前决定最佳治疗措施和最佳手术路径。因此，他需要一台计算机来协助他整合患者可用的多模态信息，特别是通过自动整合和以概要模式可视化成像（感知步骤），显示通往目标器官的可能进入路径轨迹，记忆所选路径（决策步骤），以及使用激光或手动工具进行实际操作，或在人工控制下借助机器人辅助进行实际操作（行动步骤）。手术与计算机之间的这种密切合作被称为计算机辅助手术。本文介绍了这一外科新领域的一些当前应用和未来展望。
