Faruque A S, Fuchs G J, Albert M J
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Epidemiol Infect. 1996 Jun;116(3):275-8. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800052572.
At the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B) Dhaka we studied the trends in cholera for the period January 1992 to May 1995. Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal emerged as a second aetiologic agent of cholera in Dhaka in January 1993. In 1993, the majority of cholera cases was due to V. cholerae O139, with V. cholerae O1 accounting for a small proportion of cases. During the latter part of the study period (Jan 1994-May 1995), V. cholerae O1 re-emerged as the predominant cholera strain. The predominant age group affected in endemic cholera due to V. cholerae O1 was children 2-9 years old, and the organism was isolated from more females than from males at all ages. In contrast, cholera due to V. cholerae O139 caused disease mostly in adults 15 years and older, which indicated that this organism was new in this population. As with V. cholerae O1, V. cholerae O139 was isolated from more females than males. The initial rapid emergence and predominance of V. cholerae O139 was considered possibly to herald the start of the eighth pandemic of cholera. However, just after a year, the prevalence of V. cholerae O139 decreased dramatically with V. cholerae O1 resuming the role of the dominant cholera strain. The factor(s) contributing to the dramatic decline in prevalence of V. cholerae O139 is not well understood.
在孟加拉国腹泻疾病研究国际中心（ICDDR，B）达卡分部，我们研究了1992年1月至1995年5月期间霍乱的流行趋势。1993年1月，霍乱弧菌O139孟加拉型在达卡成为霍乱的第二种病原体。1993年，大多数霍乱病例由霍乱弧菌O139引起，霍乱弧菌O1引起的病例占比很小。在研究后期（1994年1月至1995年5月），霍乱弧菌O1再次成为主要的霍乱菌株。霍乱弧菌O1引起的地方性霍乱中，主要受影响的年龄组是2至9岁的儿童，且在各年龄段中，从女性分离出该病菌的比例高于男性。相比之下，霍乱弧菌O139引起的霍乱主要发生在15岁及以上的成年人中，这表明该病菌在这一人群中是新出现的。与霍乱弧菌O1一样，从女性分离出霍乱弧菌O139的比例高于男性。霍乱弧菌O139最初的迅速出现和主导地位被认为可能预示着霍乱第八次大流行的开始。然而，仅仅一年后，霍乱弧菌O139的流行率急剧下降，霍乱弧菌O1重新成为主要的霍乱菌株。导致霍乱弧菌O139流行率急剧下降的因素尚不清楚。
