Siffel C, Otos M, Czeizel A E
Deparatment of Human Genetics and Teratology, National Institute of Hygiene, WHO Collaborating Center for the Community Control of Hereditary Diseases, Budapest, Hungary.
Mutagenesis. 1996 May;11(3):299-303. doi: 10.1093/mutage/11.3.299.
The objective of the study was to check the occurrence of phenotypic manifestations of germinal mutations in children born within a 30 km radius of the Paks nuclear power plant, Hungary. The study took the form of a comparative analysis between observed and expected rates based on the Hungarian baseline rates, as well as between children born before and after the operation of the nuclear plant. Data were taken from the database of the Hungarian Congenital Abnormality Registry completed by active search in the study region, and comprised 26 893 children born between 1980 and 1992 in the 55 settlements of the study region. The results were presented as overall figures as well as being grouped by different congenital abnormalities, in addition to the so-called indicators of germinal mutations: sentinel anomalies, Down syndrome and unidentified multiple congenital abnormalities. The observed occurrence of all but one group of congenital abnormalities corresponded to the expected rate, as did the three groups of indicator conditions. Of the 55 settlements, eight had spatial clusters; however, these could be explained by overdiagnosis or chance. There was no significant increase in the variables studied after the operation of the nuclear plant. We conclude that the slightly elevated radiation background (0.2-0.4 microSv/year) due to the operation of the nuclear plant studied does not affect germinal and somatic mutations in children.
该研究的目的是调查在匈牙利帕克斯核电站半径30公里范围内出生的儿童中发生生殖细胞突变的表型表现情况。该研究采用了基于匈牙利基线发病率的观察发病率与预期发病率之间的比较分析形式，以及核电站运行前后出生儿童之间的比较分析形式。数据取自匈牙利先天性异常登记数据库，通过在研究区域进行主动搜索完成，包括1980年至1992年期间在研究区域55个定居点出生的26893名儿童。结果以总体数据呈现，并按不同的先天性异常进行分组，此外还包括所谓的生殖细胞突变指标：哨兵异常、唐氏综合征和不明原因的多发先天性异常。除一组先天性异常外，所有先天性异常的观察发病率均与预期发病率相符，三组指标情况也是如此。在55个定居点中，有8个存在空间聚集现象；然而，这些可以用过度诊断或偶然性来解释。核电站运行后，所研究的变量没有显著增加。我们得出结论，所研究的核电站运行导致的略高辐射本底（0.2 - 0.4微希沃特/年）不会影响儿童的生殖细胞和体细胞突变。
