Tarnowska-Dziduszko E, Bertrand E, Szpak G M
Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warszawa.
Folia Neuropathol. 1995;33(1):25-9.
In a group of 66 patients (age 24 to 78 years) with the clinical diagnosis of chronic alcoholism the changes in the corpus callosum were evaluated. The period of alcohol abuse varied from 3 to over 30 years. In 57 cases atrophy of the corpus callosum was noted. The trunk was involved most frequently. Myelin sheaths exhibited abnormalities from slight pallor to total destruction. In 19 cases the damage of myelin sheaths was restricted to disseminated, perivascular, spongy degenerations. The vessels were sclerotic, especially periventricular ones exhibited degenerative changes. Perivascular gliosis was also seen. Conclusions from the present study indicate that the structural changes observed in the corpus callosum during chronic alcohol abuse are connected with CNS involution and with degenerative changes within vessels walls. The damage of myelin sheaths localized in our material similarly as Marchiafava-Bignami disease, differs from the later by less advanced changes, perivascular spreading of demyelination, and frequent destruction of axons.
在一组66例临床诊断为慢性酒精中毒的患者（年龄24至78岁）中，对胼胝体的变化进行了评估。酒精滥用时间从3年到超过30年不等。57例患者出现胼胝体萎缩。胼胝体干受累最为常见。髓鞘表现出从轻微苍白到完全破坏的异常。19例患者的髓鞘损伤局限于散在的、血管周围的海绵状变性。血管硬化，尤其是脑室周围血管出现退行性改变。还可见血管周围胶质增生。本研究的结论表明，慢性酒精滥用期间胼胝体观察到的结构变化与中枢神经系统退化以及血管壁内的退行性变化有关。我们资料中定位的髓鞘损伤与马奇亚法瓦 - 比尼亚米病类似，但变化程度较轻，脱髓鞘呈血管周围分布，且轴突常被破坏，与后者有所不同。
