Mutero C M, Mutinga M J, Ngindu A M, Kenya P R, Amimo F A
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Nairobi, Kenya.
East Afr Med J. 1992 Jan;69(1):3-8.
The prevalence of visceral leishmaniasis and malaria in the human population of West Pokot district of Kenya was studied in 1986. A total of 2139 people was proportionately screened for the two diseases according to four age categories (0-4, 5-14, 15-44 and greater than 45 years). Diagnostic methods included the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Leishmanin skin test for visceral leishmaniasis, and parasitological examination for malaria. The epidemiological value of the spleen rate was evaluated in relation to visceral leishmaniasis and malaria endemicity. A general decline of infection rates with altitude was observed for both diseases. Visceral leishmaniasis was less prevalent than malaria, with less than 2% active cases in any age group and had the same distribution in both sexes. Malaria infection rate was highest in the younger age groups, declining from 21.5% in the 0-4 year old age group to 5.5% in people more than 45 years old. Malaria affected significantly more males than females. The spleen rate was inappropriate for epidemiological survey of either malaria or visceral leishmaniasis due to an overlap in the distribution of the two diseases.
1986年，对肯尼亚西波科特地区人群中的内脏利什曼病和疟疾患病率进行了研究。根据四个年龄组（0 - 4岁、5 - 14岁、15 - 44岁和45岁以上），按比例对总共2139人进行了这两种疾病的筛查。诊断方法包括用于内脏利什曼病的酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和利什曼原虫皮肤试验，以及用于疟疾的寄生虫学检查。评估了脾脏率与内脏利什曼病和疟疾流行程度的流行病学价值。两种疾病均观察到感染率随海拔升高而普遍下降。内脏利什曼病的患病率低于疟疾，任何年龄组的活跃病例均不到2%，且在男女中的分布相同。疟疾感染率在较年轻年龄组中最高，从0 - 4岁年龄组的21.5%降至45岁以上人群的5.5%。疟疾对男性的影响明显大于女性。由于两种疾病分布存在重叠，脾脏率不适用于疟疾或内脏利什曼病的流行病学调查。
