Di Majo V, Coppola M, Rebessi S, Saran A, Pazzaglia S, Pariset L, Covelli V
Section of Toxicology and Biomedical Sciences, ENEA, CR-Casaccia, Roma, Italy.
Radiat Res. 1996 Jul;146(1):81-7.
An experimental study of male and female CBA/Cne mice was set up at Casaccia primarily to investigate the influence of sex on long-term survival and tumor induction after exposure to high- and low-LET radiation. Mice were whole-body-irradiated at 3 months of age with fission-neutron doses of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2 and 1.8 Gy at the RSV-TAPIRO reactor (mean neutron energy 0.4 MeV, in terms of kerma, y(D) = 51.5 keV/micron), or with 250 kVp X-ray doses of 1, 3, 5 and 7 Gy. Control and irradiated animals were then followed for their entire life span. As a general finding, male CBA/Cne mice appear more susceptible to tumorigenesis than females. In particular, the incidences of induced acute myeloid leukemia and malignant lymphomas are significant only in male mice. Benign and malignant solid tumors of many types are observed in mice of both sexes, the most frequent being in the lung, liver and ovary. However, evidence for a radiation response is limited to the case of Harderian gland neoplasms. In addition, a comparison of the observed frequency of all irradiated compared to unirradiated animals bearing solid tumors shows that the total tumor occurrence is not altered markedly by radiation exposure. A decrease in survival time is observed for both sexes and radiation types and correlates well with increasing dose. Moreover, both sex and radiation quality appear to influence the life shortening. A similar dose dependence of survival time is found when tumor-free animals alone are considered, suggesting a non-specific component of life-shortening.
在卡萨恰开展了一项针对雄性和雌性CBA/Cne小鼠的实验研究，主要目的是调查性别对暴露于高传能线密度（LET）和低LET辐射后的长期存活及肿瘤诱发的影响。小鼠在3月龄时于RSV-TAPIRO反应堆接受裂变中子全身照射，剂量分别为0.1、0.2、0.4、0.8、1.2和1.8 Gy（平均中子能量0.4 MeV，以比释动能计，y(D)=51.5 keV/微米），或接受250 kVp X射线全身照射，剂量分别为1、3、5和7 Gy。然后对对照动物和受辐照动物进行终生跟踪观察。总的来说，雄性CBA/Cne小鼠似乎比雌性更易发生肿瘤。特别是，诱发的急性髓细胞白血病和恶性淋巴瘤的发生率仅在雄性小鼠中显著。在两性小鼠中均观察到多种类型的良性和恶性实体瘤，最常见于肺、肝和卵巢。然而，辐射反应的证据仅限于哈氏腺肿瘤的情况。此外，如果将所有受辐照动物与未受辐照的实体瘤动物的观察频率进行比较，结果显示辐射暴露并未显著改变肿瘤的总发生率。观察到两性和两种辐射类型的存活时间均缩短且与剂量增加密切相关。此外，性别和辐射品质似乎均会影响寿命缩短情况。若仅考虑无肿瘤动物，也会发现存活时间存在类似的剂量依赖性，这表明寿命缩短存在非特异性因素。
