Jensen M M, Skarsfeldt T, Høy C E
Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1996 May 20;1300(3):203-9. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(96)00007-0.
The effects of dietary n - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on major brain phospholipids were examined in the rat throughout four generations. Dietary fats were: a seal oil (22:6(n - 3) located mainly in the sn-1/3-position of the TG); a fish oil (22:6(n - 3) located mainly in the sn-2 position of the TG); or a vegetable oil containing 18:3(n - 3). The effect of the TG structure of the dietary fat and chain length of n - 3 PUFA on assimilation in the brain was compared with chow fed rats. The rats fed marine fats had significantly higher levels of long-chain n - 3 PUFAs in brain PE and PS, compared to the vegetable oil and chow fed rats, but no effects of TG structure of dietary fat were observed. Dietary 18:3(n - 3) raised the amount of 22:6(n - 3) compared to the control group, but not to the levels of the marine groups that received preformed 22:6(n - 3). Fish oil fed rats had higher levels of 20:5(n - 3) and 22:5(n - 3) compared with the seal oil fed rats, whereas 22:6(n - 3) were similar. Only minor changes in PI, PIP, and PIP2 were found. The fourth generation was tested for spatial learning ability in a Morris water maze. The experimental groups had similar learning abilities, which were increased compared to the control group.
在四代大鼠中研究了膳食n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）对主要脑磷脂的影响。膳食脂肪分别为：一种海豹油（22:6(n-3)主要位于甘油三酯（TG）的sn-1/3位）；一种鱼油（22:6(n-3)主要位于TG的sn-2位）；或一种含有18:3(n-3)的植物油。将膳食脂肪的TG结构和n-3 PUFA的链长对大脑中同化作用的影响与喂食普通饲料的大鼠进行了比较。与喂食植物油和普通饲料的大鼠相比，喂食海洋脂肪的大鼠脑磷脂酰乙醇胺（PE）和磷脂酰丝氨酸（PS）中的长链n-3 PUFA水平显著更高，但未观察到膳食脂肪TG结构的影响。与对照组相比，膳食18:3(n-3)提高了22:6(n-3)的含量，但未达到接受预先形成的22:6(n-3)的海洋组的水平。喂食鱼油的大鼠与喂食海豹油的大鼠相比，20:5(n-3)和22:5(n-3)水平更高，而22:6(n-3)相似。仅发现磷脂酰肌醇（PI）、磷脂酰肌醇-4-磷酸（PIP）和磷脂酰肌醇-4,5-二磷酸（PIP2）有微小变化。对第四代大鼠在莫里斯水迷宫中进行空间学习能力测试。实验组具有相似的学习能力，与对照组相比有所提高。
