Roberts G C, Ommundsen Y
University of Illinois, Urbana, USA.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 1996 Feb;6(1):46-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.1996.tb00070.x.
Nicholls' motivation conceptual framework pertaining to achievement goals was used to study the relationship between two implicit goal orientations (task and ego) and achievement cognitions and beliefs about the competitive team sport experience. The study examined the relationship between the goal orientations and purposes of team sport, motivational climate, satisfaction, sources of satisfaction, achievement strategies, and perception of ability in team sport. The subjects were 148 students experienced in team sport at a Norwegian university. The scales were translated specifically for the study and factor analyses used to determine the factor structure of the scales. Seventeen factors along the 6 dimensions emerged, and canonical analysis determined that predominantly task-oriented subjects focused on health-related activities within purposes, preferred mastery climates and focused on mastery-oriented criteria to determine satisfaction and other achievement-related beliefs. In contrast, predominantly ego-oriented subjects focused on status enhancement for purpose, preferred performance-oriented climates and focused on ego-oriented criteria to determine satisfaction and other achievement beliefs.
尼科尔斯的与成就目标相关的动机概念框架被用于研究两种内隐目标导向（任务导向和自我导向）与关于竞技团队运动体验的成就认知和信念之间的关系。该研究考察了团队运动的目标导向与目的、动机氛围、满意度、满意度来源、成就策略以及团队运动能力认知之间的关系。研究对象是挪威一所大学148名有团队运动经验的学生。这些量表是专门为该研究翻译的，并使用因子分析来确定量表的因子结构。在6个维度上出现了17个因子，典型相关分析确定，主要以任务为导向的受试者在目的方面关注与健康相关的活动，更喜欢掌握型氛围，并专注于以掌握为导向的标准来确定满意度和其他与成就相关的信念。相比之下，主要以自我为导向的受试者在目的方面关注地位提升，更喜欢成绩导向型氛围，并专注于以自我为导向的标准来确定满意度和其他成就信念。
