Komatsu S, Naito M, Fuke T
Kagawa University, Japan.
J Exp Child Psychol. 1996 Jul;62(2):151-72. doi: 10.1006/jecp.1996.0026.
In two experiments, subjects either read a bracketed word in a sentence or generated a word in response to its definition. A word-fragment completion test was then carried out. In Experiment 1, children's priming under the generate condition was substantial, as compared with baseline performance, but was significantly lower than that under the read condition, whereas there was no difference in adults' priming between these two conditions. Furthermore, prior generation induced an age-related increase in priming despite no age difference under the read condition. In Experiment 2, mentally retarded persons exhibited a profile similar to that of children. These results suggests that there are two different components in implicit memory, one that shows no developmental difference and heavily relies on perceptual processing and the other that shows an age-related or intelligence-related increase and heavily relies on conceptual processing.
在两项实验中，受试者要么阅读句子中加括号的单词，要么根据单词定义生成一个单词。然后进行了单词片段补全测试。在实验1中，与基线表现相比，儿童在生成条件下的启动效应显著，但明显低于阅读条件下的启动效应，而成年人在这两种条件下的启动效应没有差异。此外，尽管在阅读条件下没有年龄差异，但先前的生成诱导了与年龄相关的启动效应增加。在实验2中，智障人士表现出与儿童相似的模式。这些结果表明，内隐记忆中有两个不同的成分，一个没有发展差异，严重依赖于知觉加工，另一个表现出与年龄或智力相关的增加，严重依赖于概念加工。
