Butler S M, Moffit R E
Heritage Foundation, Washington, DC, USA.
Health Aff (Millwood). 1995 Winter;14(4):47-61. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.14.4.47.
The deficiencies of the Medicare program are rooted in its defined-benefit structure and in its use of price controls. Medicare should be transformed into a defined cash contribution made to beneficiaries' private plans or to the traditional Medicare program. The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program (FEHBP) is essentially such a system and is a good model for Medicare reform. The FEHBP has been highly successful at holding down costs while offering a wide range of benefits and types of plans. Its features for consumer information and plan standards also would be useful in a reformed Medicare program.
医疗保险计划的缺陷源于其固定收益结构及其对价格控制的使用。医疗保险应转变为向受益人的私人计划或传统医疗保险计划提供的固定现金缴款。联邦雇员健康福利计划（FEHBP）本质上就是这样一个系统，是医疗保险改革的一个良好典范。FEHBP在控制成本的同时提供广泛的福利和计划类型方面非常成功。其消费者信息和计划标准的特点在改革后的医疗保险计划中也将很有用。
