Smith P F, Maclennan K, Darlington C L
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand.
J Ethnopharmacol. 1996 Mar;50(3):131-9. doi: 10.1016/0378-8741(96)01379-7.
Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgoaceae) is an ancient Chinese tree which has been cultivated and held sacred for its health-promoting properties. There is substantial experimental evidence to support the view that Ginkgo biloba extracts have neuroprotective properties under conditions such as hypoxia/ischemia, seizure activity and peripheral nerve damage. Research on the biochemical effects of Ginkgo biloba extracts is still at a very early stage. One of the components of Ginkgo biloba, ginkgolide B, is a potent platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist. Although the terpene fraction of Ginkgo biloba, which contains the ginkgolides, may contribute to the neuroprotective properties of the Ginkgo biloba leaf, it is also likely that the flavonoid fraction, containing free radical scavengers, is important in this respect. Taken together, the evidence suggests that Ginkgo biloba extracts are worthy of further investigation as potential neuroprotectant agents.
银杏（银杏科）是一种古老的中国树种，因其促进健康的特性而被种植并奉为神圣。有大量实验证据支持以下观点：银杏提取物在缺氧/缺血、癫痫活动和周围神经损伤等情况下具有神经保护特性。关于银杏提取物生化作用的研究仍处于非常早期的阶段。银杏的一种成分，银杏内酯B，是一种有效的血小板活化因子（PAF）拮抗剂。虽然银杏中含有银杏内酯的萜类部分可能有助于银杏叶的神经保护特性，但含有自由基清除剂的黄酮类部分在这方面也可能很重要。综合来看，证据表明银杏提取物作为潜在的神经保护剂值得进一步研究。
