[交通事故中安全带的使用与损伤严重程度]

[Safety belt use and severity of injuries in traffic accidents].

作者信息

Híjar-Medina M C, Flores-Aldana M E, López-López M V

机构信息

Centro de Investigación en Sistemas de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, México.

出版信息

Salud Publica Mex. 1996 Mar-Apr;38(2):118-27.

PMID:8693350

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the association between the severity of car accident injuries and the use of safety belts.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The unit of observation and analysis was car drivers in the Mexico-Cuernavaca toll highway. Variables included were those of car drivers, the vehicles and the physical environment at the accident site. Statistical analysis was carried out by means of chi square, odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals and logistic regression. Data was collected in 422 questionnaires for 324 accident events.

RESULTS

There were 177 injured people, including 12 deaths, with rates of 67.5 injuries and 4.58 deaths per 10 000 kilometers driven. Variables associated with not using a safety belt (p < 0.05) were: alcohol drinking, vehicle size, night-time and road section. Risk factors for severe injuries were: not using a safety belt (raw OR 4.9, 95% CI 2.2-10.8, adjusted OR 2.94, 95% CI 1.13-7.66); age < 25 years (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.0-12.7) and > 54 (OR 6.0, 95% CI 1.4-25.0); alcohol drinking (OR 10.8, 95% CI 3.8-30.4); and night time (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.4-5.8).

CONCLUSIONS

Theses findings suggest the need to formulate interventions aimed at enforcing the use of safety belts and prevention of related factors.

摘要

目的

分析车祸受伤严重程度与安全带使用之间的关联。

材料与方法

观察与分析单位为墨西哥-库埃纳瓦卡收费高速公路上的汽车驾驶员。纳入的变量包括汽车驾驶员、车辆以及事故现场的物理环境等方面的变量。采用卡方检验、比值比、95%置信区间和逻辑回归进行统计分析。针对324起事故事件收集了422份调查问卷的数据。

结果

有177人受伤，其中12人死亡，每行驶10000公里的受伤率为67.5，死亡率为4.58。与未使用安全带相关的变量（p<0.05）有：饮酒、车辆尺寸、夜间行驶和路段。重伤的危险因素有：未使用安全带（原始比值比4.9，95%置信区间2.2 - 10.8，调整后比值比2.94，95%置信区间1.13 - 7.66）；年龄<25岁（比值比3.6，95%置信区间1.0 - 12.7）和>54岁（比值比6.0，95%置信区间1.4 - 25.0）；饮酒（比值比10.8，95%置信区间3.8 - 30.4）；以及夜间行驶（比值比2.8，95%置信区间1.4 - 5.8）。