巴西新交通法规及巴西南部受害者的一些特征
The new Brazilian traffic code and some characteristics of victims in southern Brazil.
作者信息
Liberatti C L, Andrade S M, Soares D A
机构信息
Department of Community Health, State University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
出版信息
Inj Prev. 2001 Sep;7(3):190-3. doi: 10.1136/ip.7.3.190.
OBJECTIVE
The aim was to study characteristics of traffic accident victims before and after the implementation of the new Brazilian traffic code, in January 1998.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
The study population was car and motorcycle occupants seen in a pre-hospital care service in Londrina, Parana State (Brazil) before the introduction of the new Brazilian traffic code, from 22 January to 21 July 1997, and after its implementation during the same period in 1998. Victims were analyzed over the time periods according to helmet and seat belt use, gender, underage driving, and alcohol on the breath.
RESULTS
Use of seat belts increased from 45% to 62.6% and of helmets from 31.2% to 66.2% after the introduction of the new Brazilian code. The proportion driving under age 18 and with perceptible alcoholic breath declined significantly only among motorcycle riders. There was a 20% decline in car occupant injuries along with a 9% reduction in motorcycle related injuries after the change of the law.
CONCLUSION
Results favor the hypothesis that rigorous legislation increases safer practices in traffic, at least during the first months of its implementation.
目的
旨在研究1998年1月巴西新交通法规实施前后交通事故受害者的特征。
对象与方法
研究对象为1997年1月22日至7月21日巴西新交通法规实施前以及1998年同期在巴西巴拉那州隆德里纳的一家院前护理服务机构中见到的汽车和摩托车驾乘人员。根据头盔和安全带的使用情况、性别、未成年人驾驶以及呼气酒精含量对不同时间段的受害者进行分析。
结果
巴西新法规实施后，安全带的使用率从45%提高到62.6%，头盔的使用率从31.2%提高到66.2%。仅在摩托车驾乘人员中，18岁以下驾车以及呼气酒精含量可检测到的比例显著下降。法律变更后，汽车驾乘人员受伤人数下降了20%，与摩托车相关的受伤人数减少了9%。
结论
结果支持这样的假设，即严格的立法会增加交通中的安全行为，至少在其实施的最初几个月是如此。
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