全血中银的测定及其在职业暴露人群生物监测中的应用。

The determination of silver in whole blood and its application to biological monitoring of occupationally exposed groups.

作者信息

Armitage S A, White M A, Wilson H K

机构信息

Health and Safety Laboratory, Sheffield, U.K.

出版信息

Ann Occup Hyg. 1996 Jun;40(3):331-8. doi: 10.1016/0003-4878(95)00076-3.

DOI:10.1016/0003-4878(95)00076-3

PMID:8694493

Abstract

A sensitive and rapid technique for directly measuring silver in blood, using electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectrophotometry (ETAAS) is described. The method can be used to analyse precisely up to 40 blood samples a day in duplicate. Well-mixed, whole blood samples, collected in EDTA, were diluted 1 + 4 with a diluent containing 40 g l.-1 ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate and 0.5 ml l.-1 Triton X-100. Aliquots of diluted blood were then analysed by ETAAS using wall atomization with a pyrolytically coated tube. The coefficient of variation for within-run precision was 4.55% at 10 micrograms 1.-1 and 5% at 25 micrograms 1.-1 Between-run variation, it was 4.1% at 25 micrograms l.-1 The analytical recovery for the method was 98% +/- 3% at both 8 and 30 micrograms 1. -1 The detection limit of the method was 0.1 microgram 1. -1, which was sufficiently sensitive to distinguish exposed from non-exposed individuals. Blood silver levels in unexposed subjects were found to be between < 0.1 and 0.2 micrograms 1. -1. Blood silver levels were determined in 98 occupationally exposed workers involved in bullion production, cutlery manufacture, chemical manufacture, jewelery production and silver reclamation. Blood silver levels ranged from 0.1 to 23 micrograms 1.-1, with some of the highest levels found in silver reclaimers.

摘要

本文描述了一种使用电热原子化原子吸收分光光度法（ETAAS）直接测量血液中银的灵敏且快速的技术。该方法可用于每天精确分析多达40份血液样本，每份样本重复检测两次。采集于乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）中的充分混匀的全血样本，用含有40 g·l⁻¹磷酸二氢铵和0.5 ml·l⁻¹ Triton X - 100的稀释剂按1 + 4进行稀释。然后取稀释后血液的等分试样，通过使用带热解涂层管的壁式原子化的ETAAS进行分析。批内精密度的变异系数在10微克·l⁻¹时为4.55%，在25微克·l⁻¹时为5%。批间变异在25微克·l⁻¹时为4.1%。该方法在8微克·l⁻¹和30微克·l⁻¹时的分析回收率均为98% ± 3%。该方法的检测限为0.1微克·l⁻¹，灵敏度足以区分暴露个体和未暴露个体。未暴露受试者的血银水平在< 0.1至0.2微克·l⁻¹之间。对98名从事金条生产、餐具制造、化学制造、珠宝生产和银回收的职业暴露工人测定了血银水平。血银水平范围为0.1至23微克·l⁻¹，其中银回收工人的血银水平最高。