Tan K L
Department of Paediatrics, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
Acta Paediatr. 1996 Mar;85(3):277-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1996.tb14014.x.
Exchange transfusion for severe neonatal jaundice is a tedious and expensive procedure with high morbidity and mortality rates, and is followed by a prompt and marked bilirubin rebound. It has largely been replaced by phototherapy, which though more gradual in its effect results in a prolonged reduction of the bilirubin concentration. Its efficacy is influenced by the gestational age, birthweight and postnatal age of the infant, the aetiology of the jaundice, and the spectral emission and intensity (dose) of the light; its dose-response relationship enables it, at the optimal dose, to control very severe jaundice or a rapidly rising bilirubin concentration, including severe haemolysis. Its relative freedom from complications together with its non-invasive nature, ease of usage and convenience has resulted in widespread acceptance in virtually all neonatal units.
严重新生儿黄疸的换血疗法是一个繁琐且昂贵的过程，发病率和死亡率高，且随后会出现迅速且明显的胆红素反弹。它在很大程度上已被光疗所取代，光疗虽然效果较为缓慢，但能使胆红素浓度持续降低。其疗效受婴儿的胎龄、出生体重和出生后年龄、黄疸的病因以及光的光谱发射和强度（剂量）影响；其剂量反应关系使其在最佳剂量时能够控制非常严重的黄疸或迅速上升的胆红素浓度，包括严重溶血。它相对较少出现并发症，具有非侵入性、使用方便和便捷等特点，因此几乎在所有新生儿病房都得到了广泛应用。
