Chase P, Stuart G W
Clin Nurse Spec. 1995 Nov;9(6):327-31. doi: 10.1097/00002800-199511000-00015.
RUMOR MANAGEMENT AND control is particularly important in nursing systems during times of change. In this article, a brief history of the study of rumor and the rumor process is given and applied to nursing, systems thinking and the CNS, and three types of rumor are described. Examples are given and strategies and approaches for managing rumor are prescribed. The first approach, used when a final decision about a planned change has not been made, helps avoid "trickle down" and builds trust and empowerment by soliciting and using input from those who will be affected by the proposed change. The intent of the second approach, used when a decision has been finalized or an event has occurred and rumor has preceded an official announcement, is to debrief from the occurrence or transform the decision. The last approach is used to interrupt a pattern of misinformation and to clarify or inform. The nurse leader or manager must stay in the communication loop and refrain from blaming a speculated source in order to correct information.
在变革时期,谣言管理与控制在护理系统中尤为重要。本文给出了谣言研究及谣言传播过程的简要历史,并将其应用于护理、系统思维和临床护理专家领域,同时描述了三种类型的谣言。文中给出了示例,并规定了管理谣言的策略和方法。第一种方法用于在尚未对计划中的变革做出最终决定时,通过征求和利用受提议变革影响者的意见,有助于避免“逐级流传”,并建立信任和增强自主权。第二种方法用于在决定已确定或事件已发生且在官方公告之前就出现谣言的情况,其目的是从事件中总结经验或转变决定。最后一种方法用于打断错误信息模式并进行澄清或提供信息。护士领导者或管理者必须保持在沟通循环中,避免指责推测的源头,以便纠正信息。