Lategola M T, Flux M, Lyne P J
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1977 Jun;48(6):508-11.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease continues to manifest an increasing prevalence in male Americans. A recent study of commercial airline pilots revealed a 12% prevalence of more-than-minor spirometric impairment. Because commensurate data were not available for general aviation pilots, in whom such impairment could also compromise flight safety, a parallel study was made. The BMRC and smoking questionnaires, chest expansion, and spirometric measurements of FEV1, FVC, FEV1%, MVV, and FFF 25-75% were assessed in 181 male general aviation pilots. All showed a general relationship to increasing age and smoking amount. Based on FEV1% and FEF 25-75% combined, minor or more-than-minor degrees of spirometric impairment were manifested by 25.4% of the pilots and moderate degrees by 12.7%. Very little impairment was reflected in the remaining spirometric parameters. Subsequent testing of such spirometrically impaired pilots for altitude, fatigue, and orthostatic tolerances related to general aviation flight safety is planned.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病在美国男性中的患病率持续上升。最近一项针对商业航空公司飞行员的研究显示，肺活量测定存在较明显损伤的患病率为12%。由于普通航空飞行员缺乏相应数据，而这种损伤也可能危及飞行安全，因此开展了一项平行研究。对181名男性普通航空飞行员进行了英国医学研究委员会（BMRC）问卷和吸烟问卷、胸廓扩张度以及FEV1、FVC、FEV1%、MVV和FEF 25 - 75%的肺活量测定。所有结果均显示与年龄增长和吸烟量存在总体关联。根据FEV1%和FEF 25 - 75%综合判断，25.4%的飞行员存在轻度或较明显的肺活量测定损伤，12.7%的飞行员存在中度损伤。其他肺活量测定参数反映的损伤程度很小。计划对肺活量测定存在损伤的飞行员进行与普通航空飞行安全相关的海拔、疲劳和体位耐力的后续测试。
