Mohler S R, Booze C F
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1978 Oct;49(10):1225-8.
A study was undertaken to determine the relative impact of inflight cardiovascular incapacitation among general aviation pilots with respect to general aviation flight safety. During calendar years 1974-75, the National Transportation Safety Board reports reveal that 13 U.S. general aviation pilots died of cardiovascular incapacitation during flight. The analysis of these accidents will bear on any suggested changes in pilot medical screening procedures for cardiovascular disease, as well as on pilot safety education programs. Of the 13 cases noted above, nine pilots were flying alone. Of the remaining multiple occupant cases, the nonpilot wife of one deceased victim managed to land the aircraft. Eighteen deaths resulted from the inflight incapacitations. The ages of the pilots ranged from 33-68 years, with both a mean and a median of 52. Postmortem examinations revealed extensive coronary disease (atherosclerosis) in 12 cases (no pilot autopsy data is available in the case where the passenger landed the aircraft). Of these 12 cases, five demonstrated recent occlusions. In four more, evidence of old infarcts was revealed by the postmortem examination. It is concluded that these 13 inflight cardiovascular incapacitations, occurring among a total of 1,404 fatal general aviation accidents in the 1974-75 period, constitute such a small proportion (0.93%) of the documented fatal general aviation accidents that extensive additional cardiovascular screening procedures are not justified at present on cost/yield basis.
一项研究旨在确定通用航空飞行员飞行中发生心血管失能对通用航空飞行安全的相对影响。在1974 - 1975历年期间，美国国家运输安全委员会的报告显示，13名美国通用航空飞行员在飞行中死于心血管失能。对这些事故的分析将有助于对心血管疾病飞行员医学筛查程序的任何建议性改变，以及飞行员安全教育计划。在上述13起案例中，9名飞行员独自飞行。在其余多人乘坐的案例中，一名遇难受害者的非飞行员妻子成功降落了飞机。18人因飞行中失能死亡。飞行员年龄在33 - 68岁之间，平均年龄和中位数年龄均为52岁。尸检显示12例有广泛的冠状动脉疾病（动脉粥样硬化）（在乘客降落飞机的案例中没有飞行员尸检数据）。在这12例中，5例显示近期血管阻塞。另外4例尸检显示有陈旧性梗死迹象。结论是，在1974 - 1975年期间总共1404起通用航空致命事故中发生的这13起飞行中心血管失能，占已记录的通用航空致命事故的比例很小（0.93%），因此目前从成本/效益基础来看，没有理由进行广泛的额外心血管筛查程序。
