Roberts D
Department of Biology, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khod, Sultanate of Oman.
J Med Entomol. 1996 Jul;33(4):525-30. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/33.4.525.
Four species of mosquitoes were abundant in concrete reservoir tanks containing brackish water that ranged from 16 to 39% sea water. The ability of the larvae to survive in various salinities was compared for each species with the ovipositional preferences of the adult females to determine whether the 2 traits were correlated. Southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus Say, normally was not present in the tanks but survived well in salinities up to 25% sea water. However, gravid females almost always oviposited in fresh water. Culex sitiens Weidemann larvae survived best in saline water (66% sea water), but oviposition was greatest in 28% sea water; both larval survival and the frequency of oviposition were low in fresh water. Culex sinaiticus Kirkpatrick survived salinities up to 50% sea water, but the females refused to blood-feed; therefore, their ovipositional preferences were not tested. Larvae of Anopheles stephensi Liston and An. culicifacies Giles survived best in fresh water, but some An. stephensi were able to tolerate up to 50% sea water. The females had a similar ovipositional preference for fresh water. The preferred salinity for oviposition did not correspond with larval survival for Cx. quinquefasciatus and Cx. sitiens, but did compare well in An. stephensi and An. culicifacies.
在含有咸淡水（海水含量为16%至39%）的混凝土蓄水池中，有四种蚊子数量众多。对每种蚊子的幼虫在不同盐度下的生存能力与其成年雌蚊的产卵偏好进行了比较，以确定这两个特征是否相关。南方家蚊，致倦库蚊（Culex quinquefasciatus Say），通常不在这些水池中出现，但在海水含量高达25%的盐水中能很好地存活。然而，怀有身孕的雌蚊几乎总是在淡水中产卵。海滨库蚊（Culex sitiens Weidemann）的幼虫在盐水中（海水含量66%）生存得最好，但在海水含量28%时产卵量最大；在淡水中，幼虫的存活率和产卵频率都很低。辛氏库蚊（Culex sinaiticus Kirkpatrick）能在海水含量高达50%的盐水中存活，但雌蚊拒绝吸食血液；因此，未测试它们的产卵偏好。斯氏按蚊（Anopheles stephensi Liston）和库氏按蚊（An. culicifacies Giles）的幼虫在淡水中生存得最好，但一些斯氏按蚊能够耐受高达50%的海水。雌蚊对淡水有相似的产卵偏好。致倦库蚊和海滨库蚊的产卵偏好盐度与幼虫存活率不对应，但在斯氏按蚊和库氏按蚊中两者比较相符。
