Pishkin V, Lovallo W R, Lenk R G, Bourne L E
J Clin Psychol. 1977 Apr;33(2):335-40. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(197704)33:2<335::aid-jclp2270330203>3.0.co;2-k.
This study examined conceptual rule learning (RL) deficit in male schizophrenic Ss categorized into three groups as defined by Whitaker Index of Schizophrenic Thinking (WIST). Ss were administered a conjunctive, disjunctive, conditional or biconditional rule learning task, WIST, and Shipley-Hartford Memory Scale. It was shown that: (a) the WIST reliably differentiates among three levels of thought disorder as reflected by a deficit in inter-problem transfer of rule learning; (b) certain WIST and Shipley parameters reliably predict RL performance; and (c) phenothiazine dosage levels show no influence on the WIST and no correlation with RL. The findings indicate that cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenics is evidenced by limited inductive reasoning, insufficient channel capacity for filtering out irrelevant information, and inability to gain from antecedent RL experience. Principal locus of schizophrenic thought disorder is examined within a stimulus encoding-information processing paradigm.
本研究对根据精神分裂症思维惠特克指数（WIST）定义分为三组的男性精神分裂症患者的概念规则学习（RL）缺陷进行了考察。对患者进行了联合、析取、条件或双条件规则学习任务、WIST以及希普利-哈特福德记忆量表测试。结果表明：（a）WIST能够可靠地区分三种思维障碍水平，这表现为规则学习的问题间迁移存在缺陷；（b）某些WIST和希普利参数能够可靠地预测RL表现；（c）吩噻嗪剂量水平对WIST没有影响，且与RL无相关性。研究结果表明，精神分裂症患者的认知功能障碍表现为归纳推理受限、过滤无关信息的通道能力不足以及无法从先前的RL经验中获益。在刺激编码-信息处理范式中考察了精神分裂症思维障碍的主要位点。
